Skip to content
tetration
EntityQ194324· pop 36· linked from 124 articles

Also known as hyper-4

thumb|alt=A colorful graphic with brightly colored loops that grow in intensity as the eye goes to the right|Domain coloring of the holomorphic tetration {}^{z}e, with [[hue representing the function argument and brightness representing magnitude]] thumb|alt=A line graph with curves that bend upward dramatically as the values on the x-axis get larger|{}^{n}x, for , showing convergence to the infinitely iterated exponential between the two dots

Wikidata facts

Image
TetrationConvergence2D.svg
Show 2 more facts
Commons category
Tetration
Sources (1)

via Wikidata · CC0

~32 min read

Article

27 sections
Contents
  • Introduction
  • Terminology
  • Notation
  • Examples
  • Extensions
  • Extension of domain for bases
  • Base zero
  • Complex bases
  • Extensions of the domain for different heights
  • Infinite heights
  • Negative heights
  • Linear approximation for real heights
  • Higher order approximations for real heights
  • Complex heights
  • Ordinal tetration
  • Non-elementary recursiveness
  • Inverse operations
  • Super-root
  • Square super-root
  • Other super-roots
  • Super-logarithm
  • Open questions
  • Applications
  • See also
  • References
  • External links
  • Further reading

thumb|alt=A colorful graphic with brightly colored loops that grow in intensity as the eye goes to the right|Domain coloring of the holomorphic tetration {}^{z}e, with [[hue representing the function argument and brightness representing magnitude]] thumb|alt=A line graph with curves that bend upward dramatically as the values on the x-axis get larger|{}^{n}x, for , showing convergence to the infinitely iterated exponential between the two dots

In mathematics, tetration (or hyper-4) is an operation based on iterated, or repeated, exponentiation. There is no universal notation for tetration, though Knuth's up arrow notation \uparrow \uparrow and the left-exponent {}^{x}b are common.

Gallery (22)

Connections

Categories