Thamnophilidae
Also known as Antbird family
The antbirds are a large passerine bird family, Thamnophilidae, found across subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 230 species, known variously as antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire-eyes, bare-eyes and bushbirds. They are related to the antthrushes and antpittas (family Formicariidae), the tapaculos, the gnateaters and the ovenbirds. Despite some species' common names, this family is not closely related to the wrens, vireos or shrikes.
Species
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassAves
- OrderPasseriformes
- FamilyThamnophilidae
蟻鵙科（学名：Thamnophilidae）是鳥綱雀形目中的一科，包括蚁鵙、蚁鹩、蟻鳥等，分佈在亞熱帶及熱帶的中美洲及南美洲，由墨西哥至阿根廷。其下共有超過200個物種，包括各种蟻鵙，並與蟻鶇科、竄鳥、食蚊鳥科及灶鳥科有亲缘关系。 蟻鳥体型一般都较小，翼圓，有強壯的爪。体色大部份都是呈暗灰色、白色、褐色及赤色，在外形及顏色上表現出兩性異形。一些物種向敵人展示背部或肩膀上的白斑來警告對方。大部份蟻鵙科鸟类的喙都很坚硬结实，尖端呈鈎狀。 大部份蟻鳥物種都棲息在森林中，只有少數棲息在其他地方。昆蟲及其他節肢動物是其主要食物，牠們有時也會吃細小的無脊椎動物。大部份物種都是在森林下層及中層覓食，只有少數在冠層及地上覓食。很多物種都是混種覓食，少量是核心成員。約有18個物種專門於跟蹤兵蟻吃其他細小的無脊椎動物。 蟻鳥是一夫一妻制的，且會保護自己的地盤。牠們一般會生兩隻蛋，鳥巢懸掛在樹枝上，放在樹枝、樹樁或地上。雙親都會孵化及餵養雛雀。雛雀換羽後，雙親會各自照顧一隻雛雀。 現時38個物種因人類活動而受到威脅。蟻鳥並非獵人或寵物貿易的目標。主要的威脅是失去棲息地，令牠們的群落分化及增加被掠食的情況。
via GBIF
~27 min read
Article
14 sectionsContents
- Systematics
- Morphology
- Voice
- Distribution and habitat
- Behaviour
- Feeding
- Mixed-species feeding flocks
- Ant followers
- Breeding
- Ecology
- Status and conservation
- See also
- References
- External links
The antbirds are a large passerine bird family, Thamnophilidae, found across subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 230 species, known variously as antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire-eyes, bare-eyes and bushbirds. They are related to the antthrushes and antpittas (family Formicariidae), the tapaculos, the gnateaters and the ovenbirds. Despite some species' common names, this family is not closely related to the wrens, vireos or shrikes.
Antbirds are generally small birds with rounded wings and strong legs. They have mostly sombre grey, white, brown and rufous plumage, which is sexually dimorphic in pattern and colouring. Some species communicate warnings to rivals by exposing white feather patches on their backs or shoulders. Most have heavy bills, which in many species are hooked at the tip.