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Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was a physicist, professor, and engineer born in Lennep on 27 March 1845. He held citizenship in the Kingdom of Prussia, the German Empire, and the Weimar Republic. Röntgen was educated at ETH Zurich, the University of Zurich, Utrecht University, and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. He worked at the University of Würzburg, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, the University of Giessen, and the University of Hohenheim, with professional locations in Würzburg and Munich.

He received the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Elliott Cresson Medal, the Helmholtz Medal, and the Rumford Medal. Röntgen was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. His doctoral advisors were August Kundt and Gustav Zeuner, and his students included Abram Ioffe, Ernst Wagner, and Rudolf Ladenburg.

Röntgen died in Munich on 10 February 1923. He spoke German. His notable works include *Ueber den Einfluss der Compressions-wärme auf die Bestimmungen der Compressibilität von Flüssigkeiten*, *Nouvelles observations sur les propriétés des rayons X.*, *Weitere Beobachtungen über die Eigenschaften der X-Strahlen*, *Las radiaciones de Röntgen qué son y para qué sirven*, and *Beschreibung des Apparates*. He is recognized in the Nobel Laureates collection and the Nobel Physics collection.