English

English Bahasa Indonesia Deutsch Español Français Italiano Nederlands Polski Português Svenska Tiếng Việt Türkçe Русский العربية فارسی हिन्दी 한국어 中文日本語

File:Bust_of_Xenophon.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ129772· pop 126· linked from 1,922 articles

Xenophon

Also known as Xenophon of Athens

Xenophon of Athens (; ; 355/354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian. At the age of 30, he was elected as one of the leaders of the retreating Greek mercenaries, the Ten Thousand, who had been part of Cyrus the Younger's attempt to seize control of the Achaemenid Empire. As the military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote, "the centuries since have devised nothing to surpass the genius of this warrior".

AI overview

Xenophon was an ancient Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian who gained fame by helping lead the retreat of ten thousand Greek mercenaries after their employer's failed attempt to conquer the Persian Empire around 355 BC. His military accomplishments were so remarkable that later historians considered him one of history's greatest warriors, and his writings preserve important accounts of his experiences.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Works: 26

Top works

Xenophon's Cyropaedia
Kyrou Anavasis
Memorabilia; Edited on the Basis of the Breitenbach-Mücke Ed. by Josiah Renick Smith
Xenophon's Agesilaus; with Syntax Rules and References, Notes and Indices
Plato Apology of Socrates and Crito, With Extracts from the Phaedo and Symposium and from Xenophon's Memorabilia

via Open Library + Wikidata

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 4,246
Total plays: 16,673

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

via Crossref · CC0

Quotes

“καὶ γὰρ τὸ μὲν ἐν ταῖς εὐπραξίαις πιστοὺς φαίνεσθαι οὐδὲν θαυμαστόν· ὅταν δέ τινες ἐν συμφοραῖς γενομένων φίλων βέβαιοι φανῶσι, τοῦτ᾿ εἰς ἅπαντα χρόνον μνημονεύεται.”
“Ἐκ μέντοι γε τῶν τοιούτων παθῶν [ὡς] ἐγή φημι ἀνθρώπους παιδεύεσθαι μάλιστα μὲν [οὖν] ⟨ὡς⟩ οὐδ᾿ οἰκέτας χρῇ ὀργῇ κολάζειν· πολλάκις γὰρ καὶ δεσπόται ὀργιζόμενοι μείζω κακὰ ἔπαθον ἢ ἐποίησαν· ἀτὰρ ἀντιπάλοις τὸ μετ᾿ ὀργῆς ἀλλὰ μὴ γνώμῃ προσφέρεσθαι ὅλον ἁμάρτημα. ἡ μὲν γὰρ ὀργὴ ἀπρονόητον, ἡ δὲ γνώμη σκοπεῖ οὐδὲν ἧττον μή τι πάθῃ ἢ ὅπως βλάψῃ τι τοὺς πολεμίους.”
“τό [τε] γε μὴν ἐντεῦθεν γενόμενον ἔξεστι μὲν τὸ θεῖον αἰτιᾶσθαι, ἔξεστι δὲ λέγειν ὡς τοῖς ἀπονενοημένοις οὐδεὶς ἂν ὑποσταίη.”
“ἀλλὰ τῶν ἰσχὺν ἄνευ γνώμης ἐχόντων τὰ τοιαῦτα πράττειν ἐστίν. ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ συμμάχων ὁ μὲν βιάζεσθαι τολμῶν δέοιτ᾿ ἂν οὐκ ὀλίγων, ὁ δὲ πείθειν δυνάμενος οὐδενός· καὶ γὰρ μόνος ἡγοῖτ᾿ ἂν δύνασθαι πείθειν. καὶ φονεύειν δὲ τοῖς τοιαύτοις ἥκιστα συμβαίνει· τίς γὰρ ἀποκτεῖναί τινα βούλοιτ᾿ ἂν μᾶλλον ἢ ζῶντι πειθομένῳ χρῆσθαι;”
“φαίην δ᾿ ἂν ἔγωγε μηδενὶ μηδεμίαν εἶναι παίδευσιν παρὰ τοῦ μὴ ἀρέσκοντος.”
“παρ᾿ ἡμῖν νομίζεται τὴν ὥραν καὶ τὴν σοφίαν ὁμοίως μὲν καλόν, ὁμοίως δὲ αἰσχρὸν διατίθεσθαι εἶναι. τήν τε γὰρ ὥραν ἐὰν μέν τις ἀργυρίου πωλῇ τῷ βουλομένῳ, πόρνον αὐτὸν ἀποκαλοῦσιν, ἐὰν δέ τις, ὃν ἂν γνῷ καλὸν τε κἀγαθὸν ἐραστὴν ὄντα, τοῦτον φίλον ἑαυτῷ ποιεῖται, σώφρονα νομίζομεν· καὶ τὴν σοφίαν ὡσαύτως τοὺς μὲν ἀργυρίου τῷ βουλομένῳ πωλοῦντας σοφιστὰς [ὥσπερ πόρνους] ἀποκαλοῦσιν.”

via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA

Key facts

Person.name: Xenophon of Athens
Person.image: Bust of Xenophon.jpg
Person.caption: Bust statue of Xenophon, dated to 120 AD (Roman period).
Person.birth_place: Athens
Person.death_date: Probably 354 or 355 BC (aged or 75)
Person.death_place: likely Corinth
Person.parents: Gryllus
Person.spouse: Philesia
Person.children: Gryllus and Diodorus
Person.notable_works: Hellenica Anabasis Education of Cyrus Memorabilia Symposium Oeconomicus Hiero Apology Agesilaus Constitution of the Lacedaemonians

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Citizenship: Classical Athens
Image: Xenophon.jpg

Show 9 more facts

Commons category: Xenophon
date of birth: 0430-00-00
date of death: 0354-01-01
Commons Creator page: Xenophon
nickname: Musa ática
name in native language: Ξενοφών
P12749: Klaus Tschütscher
P13311: tea
significant place: Classical Athens

Sources (6)

via Wikidata · CC0

Works in European collections

33 objects attributed to Xenophon, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana

Memoirs

Xenophontos Tà Sōzómena Biblía = Xenophontis (viri armoru [m] & literaru [m] laude celeberrimi) Qvae Extant Opera

Xenophontis Memorabilia Socratis Graece. [1], [Text]

Xenophon’s of Athens works. 2, Cyropaedia; vol. 2

Xenophons Cyropaedia. 2

Xenophons Anabasis. 1., Buch I-III

Xenophons Reden und Thaten des Sokrates :in vier Büchern ; mit erläuternden Anmerkungen und einem vollständigen Wortregister für Schulen und Gymnasien = Apomnēmoneumatōn Sōkratus

Economicon. (Dialogus)

De Agesilao rege oratio

Xenophons Cyropaedia: a signature for princes

Xenophontis Cyropaedia: Graece & Latine. 1, Continens Libr. I - IV

Xenophontis Opera omnia. 4,3,[1], Continens Xenophontis Hieronem

Xenophontis De Cyri Vita Et Disciplina: libri tres priores Graecolatini

Xenophon’s of Athens works. Abth. 2

Xenophons Anabasis. 1

Xenophons griechische Geschichte. 1, Buch I - IV

De anima liber I (cap. 1-5)

Xenophon De vita Cyri Poggio Flor. interp

Xenophontis Thucydidis omissa graecae historiae

Xenophontis Varia

Xenophontis rhetoris Sermones

Xenophon Historia Graecorum incerto interpr

Xenophon De rebus Graecis

Xenophon De vita Cyri Poggio Flor. interpr

Xenophontis rhetoris Apomnemoneumata

Xenophon De rep. laced. de laudib Ages. Lycurg Plutarchs et Numa Franc. Philelpho interpr

Xenophontis Historia

Xenophontis Lacedaemoniorum respublica

Xenophon

Xenophontis Cyri paedia

Las obras de Xenofonte Ateniense [Texto impreso]

Senofonte ; Tomo I [-Tomo III] [Texto impreso] :]che contiene la Ciropedia , dedicato a S. A. R. Francesco Gennaro di Borbone ...

Las Helénicas o Historia griega : desde el año 411 hasta el 362 antes de Jesucristo

~32 min read

Article

30 sections

Contents

Life
Early years
''Anabasis''
Return
Conflicts
Life after ''Anabasis''
Political philosophy
''Cyropaedia''
Relations between Medes and Persians in the ''Cyropaedia''
Persians as centaurs
Against empire
Against meritocracy
''Constitution of the Spartans''
Old Oligarch
Socratic works and dialogues
Relationship with Socrates
Modern reception
List of works
Historical and biographical works
Socratic works and dialogues
Defences of Socrates
Other Socratic dialogues
Tyrants
Short treatises
Spuria
See also
References
Citations
Bibliography
External links

For at least two millennia, it has been debated whether Xenophon was first and foremost a general, historian, or philosopher. For the majority of time in the past two millennia, Xenophon was recognised as a philosopher. Quintilian in ''The Orator's Education'' discusses the most prominent historians, orators and philosophers as examples of eloquence and recognises Xenophon's historical work, but ultimately places Xenophon next to Plato as a philosopher. Today, Xenophon is recognised as one of the greatest writers of antiquity. Xenophon's works span multiple genres and are written in plain Attic Greek, which is why they have often been used in translation exercises for contemporary students of the Ancient Greek language. In the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, Diogenes Laërtius observed that Xenophon was known as the "Attic Muse" because of the sweetness of his diction.