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ZMODEM is an inline file transfer protocol developed by Chuck Forsberg in 1986, in a project funded by Telenet in order to improve file transfers on their X.25 network. In addition to dramatically improved performance compared to older protocols, ZMODEM offered restartable transfers, auto-start by the sender, an expanded 32-bit CRC, and control character quoting supporting 8-bit clean transfers, allowing it to be used on networks that would not pass control characters.

Key facts

Networking protocol.title
ZMODEM
Networking protocol.purpose
File transfer
Networking protocol.developer
Chuck Forsberg
Networking protocol.ports
None
Networking protocol.hardware
modems

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inception
1986-00-00
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via Wikidata · CC0

~9 min read

Article

9 sections
Contents
  • Improvements
  • Older systems
  • Windows and streaming
  • Restart
  • Auto-start
  • Variations
  • Limitations
  • References
  • External links

ZMODEM is an inline file transfer protocol developed by Chuck Forsberg in 1986, in a project funded by Telenet in order to improve file transfers on their X.25 network. In addition to dramatically improved performance compared to older protocols, ZMODEM offered restartable transfers, auto-start by the sender, an expanded 32-bit CRC, and control character quoting supporting 8-bit clean transfers, allowing it to be used on networks that would not pass control characters.

In contrast to most transfer protocols developed for bulletin board systems (BBSs), ZMODEM was not directly based on, nor compatible with, the seminal XMODEM. Many variants of XMODEM had been developed in order to address one or more of its shortcomings, and most remained backward compatible and would successfully complete transfers with "classic" XMODEM implementations. This list includes Forsberg's own YMODEM.

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