301 Bavaria

Picture of the Day · NASA

Pathfinder on Mars

2026-07-04

On July 4th, 1997, using its own array of fireworks, a parachute, and a cocoon of airbags, the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft bounced like a giant beach ball at least 15 times before it came to rest on the surface of Mars at 10:07 AM Pacific Daylight Time. After its then novel airbag-assisted landing sequence was completed, Pathfinder transmitted this color mosaic to mission operators on Earth. In the scene from another world, the Mars Sojourner robot rover is visible in the foreground, crouched on top of the unfolded Pathfinder. About the size of a large house cat, the six-wheeled, solar-powered Sojourner became the first successful Martian rover. Surrounding Pathfinder are deflated airbags and the rock-strewn terrain of the Ares Vallis floodplain. In the distance Martian hills appear against a dusty brownish sky. The Pathfinder lander was subsequently renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station.

via NASA APOD

Key facts

Discovered by

Johann Palisa

Discovery date

16 November 1890

Pronunciation

/ b ə ˈ v ɛər i ə /

Named after

Bavaria

Alternative designations

A890 WA; 1928 DH 1 , 1951 FD; 1952 OF

Minor planet category

main-belt

Observation arc

117.42 yr (42888 d)

Aphelion

2.90693 AU (434.871 Gm )

Perihelion

2.54364 AU (380.523 Gm)

Semi major axis

2.72528 AU (407.696 Gm)

Orbital period sidereal

4.50 yr (1643.3 d )

Mean anomaly

115.993 °

Mean motion

0° 13 8.659 / day

Inclination

4.89466°

Longitude of ascending node

142.374°

Argument of perihelion

125.469°

Dimensions

54.32 ± 3.3 km

Synodic rotation period

12.253 h (0.5105 d )

via Wikipedia infobox