Also known as Alexander III
King of Scots 1249–1286
Alexander III was King of Scotland from 1249 until his death in 1286, ruling during a period when Scotland was establishing itself as an independent kingdom. His reign mattered because his unexpected death without a surviving heir triggered a succession crisis that led to English intervention in Scottish affairs and ultimately shaped the course of Scottish history for centuries.
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Alexander III (Scottish Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Alaxandair; Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Alasdair; 4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286) was King of Alba (Scotland) from 6 July 1249 until his death. He concluded the Treaty of Perth, by which Scotland acquired sovereignty over the Western Isles and the Isle of Man. His heir and only grandchild, Margaret, Maid of Norway, died before she could be crowned.
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