Animalia

Also known as Metazoa, animals, the animal kingdom, animal

AI overview

Animalia is the biological kingdom that includes all animals—multicellular organisms that typically consume organic material, breathe oxygen, and can move and reproduce sexually. With over 1.5 million described species ranging from insects to vertebrates, animals represent an enormous and diverse group of life forms that share a common evolutionary ancestor.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

In the Vinony graph

Within Vinony's link graph, Animalia is referenced by 376,157 other articles, and connects out to Porifera, Platyhelminthes and predation.

Vinony files it under Animals, Biology terminology and Cryogenian first appearances.

Its subject is documented across 265 Wikipedia language editions.

Species

animals

Animalia

KINGDOM

KingdomAnimalia

Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater

Observations recorded3,012,139,120

動物是多細胞真核生命體中的一大類群，統稱為動物界。動物身體的基本形態會隨著其發育而變得固定，通常是在其胚胎發育時，但也有些動物會在其生命中有變態的過程。大多數動物能自發且獨立地移動探索，只有極少數的動物（如珊瑚）是固定在一點無法移動。動物行為學是研究動物行為的科學，較著名的行為理論為康納德·洛倫茨提出的本能理論。已發現的動物化石，多是在五億四千萬年前的寒武紀大爆發時的海洋物種。目录 1 特徵 1.1 結構 1.2 繁殖與發育 2 起源和化石記錄 3 動物類群 3.1 後口動物 3.2 蛻皮動物 3.3 扁蟲動物 3.4 冠輪動物 4 分類 4.1 按形態劃分 4.2 根據18s rRNA比對結果劃分 5 参见 6 註記 7 參考文獻 8 外部連結特徵動物有幾種將其與其他生物相區隔的特徵。動物是真核生物，且通常是多細胞的[1]（例外請見黏體動物），這將其與細菌和大多數的原生生物相區隔。動物是消費者[2]，通常在一個內腔中消化食物，這將其與植物和藻類相區隔。動物也因缺乏細胞壁而和植物、藻類和真菌不同。[3]所有的動物都是能動的[4]，若只算一部份的生長期間。胚胎會有形成囊胚的時期，這是只有動物才有的特徵。結構除了少部份（如海綿）的例外，動物都有一個分化出分別組織的身體。這些組織包含肌肉（能收縮並控制身體的移動）和神經組織（傳遞與接收訊號）。一般也會有個內部的消化腔，和表皮連有一或兩個開口。有這些組織的動物被稱之為真後生動物。所有的動物都有真核細胞，且被包在由膠原蛋白和具彈性的糖蛋白所組成的獨特細胞外網絡之中。這些網絡或許會鈣化以形成甲殼、骨頭和針骨等結構。在發育時會形成一個較可變動的架構，好讓細胞能移動且被重新組織，好使得複雜的結構變得可能。相對地，其他如植物和真菌等多細胞生物有被細胞壁固定住位置的細胞，所以以漸進的生長方式來發育。另外，動物細胞特有的還有如下幾種細胞間的結合：緊密接合、間隙接合和橋粒。繁殖與發育幾乎所有的動物都會進行某種類型的有性生殖。成熟的個體是雙倍體或多倍體的。牠們有一些特化的生殖細胞，行減數分裂以產生較小可游動的精子或較大不可動的卵子。精子和卵子會結合成為受精卵，且發育成新的個體。許多動物也能夠行無性生殖。這可能發生在孤雌生殖（成熟卵沒有經過交配而產生），或一些經由斷裂生殖。受精卵一開始會發育成一個小球，稱之為囊胚，在此進行重整和分化。在海綿裡，囊胚幼體會游到一個新的位置上並發育成一個新的海綿。而在其他大多數的類群中，囊胚則會進行更為複雜的重整。囊胚一開始會內套以形成具有消化腔的原腸胚和兩個各別的胚層－外胚層和內胚層。在大多數的情況下，還會有個中胚層在兩者之間。這些胚層接著分化成各式組織和器官。大多數動物間接利用太陽光的能源來生長。植物利用太陽光來轉化出簡單的糖類，以一種稱之為光合作用的過程。一開始是二氧化碳和水

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Research

7,907,941 papers

Chemical communication and its role in sexual selection across Animalia.ReviewCommunications biology · 2023Buchinger TJ, Li WDOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05572-w
A decade of amphibian studies (Animalia, Amphibia) at Sekayu lowland forest, Hulu Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia.ReviewZooKeys · 2023Badli-Sham BH, Syafiq MF, Aziz MSA et al.DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1157.95873
Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1990Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis MLDOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576
Arthropods to Eutherians: A Historical and Contemporary Comparison of Sparse Prenatal Microbial Communities Among Animalia Species.ReviewAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Hummel G, Aagaard KDOI: 10.1111/aji.13897
A model plant pathogen from the kingdom Animalia: Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode.ReviewAnnual review of phytopathology · 2006Niblack TL, Lambert KN, Tylka GLDOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.040204.140218
The role of androdioecy and gynodioecy in mediating evolutionary transitions between dioecy and hermaphroditism in the animalia.ReviewEvolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2012Weeks SCDOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01714.x
Independent origins of parasitism in Animalia.Biology letters · 2016Weinstein SB, Kuris AMDOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0324
Ecological impacts of non-native tree species plantations are broad and heterogeneous: a review of Brazilian research.Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias · 2016Valduga MO, Zenni RD, Vitule JRDOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150575

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Image: Animal diversity.png

Show 8 more facts

taxon name: Animalia
equivalent class: kbpedia.org/kko/rc/Animal
taxon common name: živali
start time: 665000000-
Commons category: Animalia
hashtag: animal
P8168: Lorenz Hilkes
social media followers: 15948

Sources (9)

via Wikidata · CC0

~31 min read

Encyclopedic overview

24 sections

Contents

Etymology
Characteristics
Structural features
Development
Reproduction
Ecology
Diversity
Size
Numbers and habitats of major phyla
Evolutionary origin
Phylogeny
External phylogeny
Internal phylogeny
Non-bilaterians
Bilateria
Protostomes and deuterostomes
History of classification
In human culture
Practical uses
Symbolic uses
See also
Notes
References
External links

Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms belonging to the biological kingdom Animalia (). With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, have myocytes and are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Animals form a clade, meaning that they arose from a single common ancestor. Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described, of which around 1.05 million are insects, over 85,000 are molluscs, and around 65,000 are vertebrates. It has been estimated there are as many as 7.77 million animal species on Earth. Animal body lengths range from to . They have complex ecologies and interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology, and the study of animal behaviour is known as ethology.

The animal kingdom is divided into five major clades, namely Porifera, Ctenophora, Placozoa, Cnidaria and Bilateria. Most living animal species belong to the clade Bilateria, a highly proliferative clade whose members have a bilaterally symmetric and significantly cephalised body plan, and the vast majority of bilaterians belong to two large clades: the protostomes, which includes organisms such as arthropods, molluscs, flatworms, annelids and nematodes; and the deuterostomes, which include echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates, the latter of which contains the vertebrates. The much smaller basal phylum Xenacoelomorpha have an uncertain position within Bilateria.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Animalia” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.