distillation

Also known as distilling

thumb|upright|300px|Laboratory model of a still.1: The heat source to boil the mixture2: round-bottom flask containing the mixture to be boiled3: the head of the still4: mixture boiling-point thermometer5: the condenser of the still6: the cooling-water inlet of the condenser7: the cooling-water outlet of the condenser8: the distillate-receiving flask9: vacuum pump and gas inlet10: the receiver of the still11: the heat control for heating the mixture12: stirring mechanism speed control13: stirring mechanism and heating plate14: heating bath (oil/sand) for the flask15: the stirring mechanism (no

AI overview

Distillation is a process that separates liquid mixtures by heating them until they boil, then cooling and condensing the vapors back into liquid form in a separate container, allowing different components to be collected based on their different boiling points. This technique matters because it allows people to purify liquids or separate mixtures into their individual components, which is useful in laboratories and industrial settings.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

43,123 papers

The advent of thermoplasmonic membrane distillation.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2022Santoro S, Avci AH, Politano A et al.DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00097c
Membrane distillation assisting food production processes of thermally sensitive food liquid items: a review.ReviewCritical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2024Gontarek-Castro E, Castro-Muñoz RDOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2163223
Distillation for in situ recovery of volatile fermentation products.ReviewTrends in biotechnology · 2025Straathof AJJ, Janković T, Kiss AADOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.12.009
Challenges and advancements in membrane distillation crystallization for industrial applications.ReviewEnvironmental research · 2023Zhang X, Koirala R, Pramanik B et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116577
Membrane distillation crystallization technology for zero liquid discharge and resource recovery: Opportunities, challenges and futuristic perspectives.ReviewThe Science of the total environment · 2022Yadav A, Labhasetwar PK, Shahi VKDOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150692
Solar distillation meets the real world: a review of solar stills purifying real wastewater and seawater.ReviewEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2022Arunkumar T, Sathyamurthy R, Denkenberger D et al.DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18720-2
Decoupled Classifier Knowledge Distillation.PloS one · 2025Wang H, Dong M, Zhu G et al.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314267
Importance-aware adaptive dataset distillation.Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society · 2024Li G, Togo R, Ogawa T et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106154

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Wikidata facts

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Commons category: Distillation
start time: 0300-00-00
P8168: Abancourt

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Article

37 sections

Contents

History
Iron Age
Classical antiquity
Greek and Roman terminology
Aristotle
Alexandrian chemists
Classical India and Ancient China
Islamic Golden Age
Medieval China
Modern era
Applications
Idealized model
Batch or differential distillation
Continuous distillation
General improvements
Laboratory procedures
Simple distillation
Fractional distillation
Steam distillation
Vacuum distillation
Molecular distillation
Short-path distillation
Air-sensitive vacuum distillation
Closed-system vacuum distillation (cryovap)
Other types
Azeotropic process
Breaking an azeotrope with unidirectional pressure manipulation
Pressure-swing distillation
Industrial process
Multi-effect distillation
In food processing
Beverages
Gallery
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete substances by selective boiling of the mixture and the condensation of the vapors in a still.