Also known as the horsetail genus, horsetail, horsetails
Equisetum (; horsetail) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
Equisetum, commonly known as horsetail, is a type of plant that reproduces through spores instead of seeds and is the sole surviving genus of its plant family. These vascular plants are notable for being ancient survivors from an earlier era of plant evolution when similar species were much more abundant and diverse.
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Equisetum
GENUS
木賊屬(學名:Equisetum)是蕨類植物的一屬,共有15個物種。此屬植物幾乎分佈在全世界上,除了澳洲和南極洲之外。它們是多年生草本植物,有會在冬天死去的(大部份的溫帶物種)或為常綠植物的(某些熱帶物種和溫帶物種「木賊、藺木賊、斑紋木賊」和「節節草」)。大多有0.2至1.5公尺高,但沼生問荊可達2.5公尺高,且熱帶美洲物種的巨木賊可達5公尺高,墨西哥木賊則可達8公尺高。 莖部:N = 節點,I = 節間,B = 輪生體中的分枝,L = 結合的大葉 在此類植物中,葉子大幅地退化於輪生體中,部份則和節鞘相結合。莖部是綠色的且可行光合作用,並有中空、有節與有脊線等特徵。在每一節點上可能有或沒有分枝的輪生體;但若出現了的話,其分枝除了較小外,和主幹沒有差別。 孢子生成於位於某些莖部頂端之孢子囊穗(類似松毬的結構)裡的孢囊梗內。在許多物種裡,有孢子囊穗的莖部不會有分枝;而有些(如問荊)則不會行光合作用,且在春天很早地便和可行光合作用的莖部分離生長出去。在另外的一些物種(如犬問荊)裡,它們和一般不生育的莖部非常相像,都會行光合作用,且具有分枝的輪生體。 木賊屬的孢子大多是無性孢子,但問荊較小的孢子則可以產生出雄性的原葉體。孢子含有四個彈絲,有如濕度感應彈簧般地作用著,讓孢子只會在孢子體已縱向地裂開後才開始傳播。 許多此屬的植物喜歡潮濕的沙土,而有一些則是水生的,且亦有部份是適應潮濕的黏土。其中一個物種-問荊可以是一種很煩人的雜草,因為它很容易在拔掉後又再長出來。其莖部是由地下莖長出來的,而其地下莖長在很深的地底,且幾乎不可能被挖出。它也不受許多被用來殺死種子植物的除草劑影響。某些物種的葉子是有毒的,若放牧的動物誤食了很大量的話。木賊屬在日本是可以拿來料理且食用的。 可以當作一種利尿劑,減輕發炎及減少肌肉的抽筋和痙攣。有助於鈣質的吸收,可促進皮膚的健康和強化骨骼、頭髮、指甲和牙齒。幫助骨折和結締組織恢復健康。加強心臟和肺臟。對於治療關節炎、骨骼疾病,如骨質疏鬆、支氣管炎、心血管疾病、水腫、膽囊疾病、痛風、肌肉痙攣、和前列腺疾病有效。可減少出血和加速燒燙傷的痊癒。 木賊在種子植物稱霸地球之前曾經是更巨大且更多樣的類群。某些物種可以達到30公尺的高度。
Equisetum (; horsetail) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
Equisetum is a "living fossil", the only living genus of the entire subclass Equisetidae, which for over 100 million years was much more diverse and dominated the understorey of late Paleozoic forests. Some equisetids were large trees reaching to tall. The genus Calamites of the family Calamitaceae, for example, is abundant in coal deposits from the Carboniferous period. The pattern of spacing of nodes in horsetails, wherein those toward the apex of the shoot are increasingly close together, is said to have inspired John Napier to invent logarithms. Modern horsetails first appeared during the Jurassic period.
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Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).