The falcons and caracaras are around 65 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family likely originated in South America during the Paleocene and is divided into three subfamilies: Herpetotherinae, which includes the laughing falcon and forest falcons; Polyborinae, which includes the spot-winged falconet and the caracaras; and Falconinae, the falcons and kestrels (Falco) and falconets (Microhierax).
Falconidae is a family of about 65 species of hunting birds that are active during the day, including falcons, kestrels, caracaras, and forest falcons. This group matters because it represents the entire modern order of falcon-like birds of prey, which originated in South America and are now divided into three distinct subfamilies with different characteristics and hunting styles.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
falcons
Falconidae
FAMILY
隼科(学名:Falconidae)是鸟纲隼形目(学名:Falconiformes)底下的唯一單科,共10属63种,在中国有2属14种分布。 在旧有的鸟类传统分类系统中隼形目包含现在已经分开的鷹形目(Accipitriformes),包括了汉语中常说的鹰、隼、鵟、鵰、鹫、鸢等肉食性猛禽,直至2008年,DNA研究显示,隼科與其他猛禽的亲缘关系并不接近,反而是與鸚形目和雀形目等較相近。[1],因而将鷹形目與隼形目分開,隼形目下只剩隼科一科。[2][3][4][5] 目录 1 分布 2 外形 3 习性 4 人类活动的影响 5 分类 6 參考 7 相关条目 分布 隼形目的鸟在世界上分布广泛,除南极和少数岛屿外,世界各地都有分布。 外形 隼形目的鸟体形差别很大,如雕、鹫等体形较大,体长可达120厘米;鸢和隼的体形較小约30~50厘米,有的如红腿小隼和白腿小隼只有10~20厘米,比麻雀大不了多少。隼形目的鸟羽色以棕、黑、白为主,腹面的颜色比背面的颜色浅,有利于猎捕中的隐蔽。隼形目的鸟的腿较长,粗壮有力,都有弯曲带钩、强壮且锐利的喙和爪,这是它们捕猎中致命的工具。主要以腐肉为食的秃鹫、兀鹫等,其喙和爪的锋利程度要比捕猎技巧高超的鹰、雕逊色很多。隼形目的鸟视力敏锐,可以在远距离发现快速移动的猎物,并能快速调整对焦。 习性 隼形目所具有的一切特征都说明它们是自然界中的好猎手,多在白天活动。它们善于捕猎,飞行技巧高超,给人以凶猛的印象。依据体形的不同,它们的食物从哺乳动物到昆虫各有差异。有些鸟自己不主动猎食,专吃已死亡的动物的尸体。 隼形目鸟的寿命较长,但繁殖成功率不高。野生的隼形目鸟寿命会远远小于人工喂养的情况,野生状况下威胁最大的是在捕猎中受伤后引起的感染。 隼形目的鸟多是一夫一妻,雌雄共同哺育后代。幼鸟生长得很快,有些种类的幼鸟离巢前要比成鸟体形大。幼鸟要经过1-3年的时间才会性成熟。隼形目的鸟多在高树或悬崖上营巢。 人类活动的影响 隼形目的鸟身姿矫健,在各大文明中都被视为神明顶礼膜拜,现在许多国家还把它们选为国鸟,象征国家精神。 人类很早就利用隼形目的鸟善于捕猎的特点来驯化它们为自己服务。隼形目威武的外形和神奇的捕猎能力一直为人们所鍾爱。现在世界各地隼形目鸟类的驯养依旧普遍,并且对其标本的需求也很多,以隼形目鸟进行的鸟类贸易也难以禁绝。 隼形目鸟类的习性决定了它们在食物链顶层的地位,是自然选择的重要力量,它们的存在除去了许多老、弱、病、残的个体,使整个生态得以平衡。长期的进化使它们具有许多成功的特性,对微生物的抵抗能力就是其中之一,一生中它们会吃下许多带疫患的个体,但却能保证自己不受感染,很好的控制了疫病的传播。 就是这样进化上的强者,也受到了人类活动的威胁。上世纪农药的广泛使用就对这些食物链顶层的鸟造成了灭顶之灾,有毒物质在体内的快速积累(生物放大作用)对它们造成了严
via GBIF
The falcons and caracaras are around 65 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family likely originated in South America during the Paleocene and is divided into three subfamilies: Herpetotherinae, which includes the laughing falcon and forest falcons; Polyborinae, which includes the spot-winged falconet and the caracaras; and Falconinae, the falcons and kestrels (Falco) and falconets (Microhierax).
==Description== Falcons and caracaras are small to medium-sized birds of prey, ranging in size from the black-thighed falconet, which can weigh as little as , to the gyrfalcon, which can weigh as much as . They have strongly hooked bills, sharply curved talons and excellent eyesight. The plumage is usually composed of browns, whites, chestnut, black and grey, often with barring of patterning. There is little difference in the plumage of males and females, although a few species have some sexual dimorphism in boldness of plumage.
via Wikidata · CC0
via Wikidata sitelinks · CC0
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).