Felix Dzerzhinsky
Also known as Loïc pcs, Feliks Dzierzynski, Feliks Dzierżyński, Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky, FD
Bolshevik revolutionary and founder of the first Soviet secret police organs (1877-1926)
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Felix Dzerzhinsky was a Bolshevik revolutionary who founded and led the Soviet Union's first secret police organization, making him a central figure in establishing the Communist state's system of internal security and control. His role matters historically because the secret police apparatus he created became a key instrument through which the Soviet government maintained power and conducted political repression throughout its existence.
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- Communist Morality
- Prison Diary and Letters
via Open Library + Wikidata
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Article
Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (11 September [O.S. 30 August] 1877 – 20 July 1926), nicknamed Iron Felix (Russian: Железный Феликс), was a Bolshevik revolutionary and politician of Polish origin. From 1917 until his death in 1926, he led the first three Soviet secret police organizations—the Cheka, the GPU and the OGPU—establishing state security organs for the new Soviet government.
Born to a Polish family of noble descent in Ozhyemblovo estate (now Dzerzhinovo), in Russian Poland, Dzerzhinsky embraced revolutionary politics from a young age, and was active in the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania party. Active in Kaunas and Warsaw, he was frequently arrested and underwent several exiles to Siberia, from which he escaped every time. He evaded the tsarist secret police, the Okhrana, whose work he took interest in. Dzerzhinsky participated in the failed 1905 Revolution, and pursued further revolutionary activities in Germany and Poland. after a final arrest in 1912, was imprisoned until the February Revolution of 1917. He then joined Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik party, and played an active role in the October Revolution which brought them to power.
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1877 births1926 deaths20th-century Polish nobilityBelarusian people of Polish descentBurials at the Kremlin Wall NecropolisCandidates of the Orgburo of the 10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)Candidates of the Orgburo of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)Candidates of the Orgburo of the 9th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)Candidates of the Politburo of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)