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Hammurabi

Also known as Hammurapi

Hammurabi (; ; Akkadian: ; ), also spelled Hammurapi, was the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire, reigning from to BC. He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health. During his reign, he conquered the city-states of Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari. He ousted Ishme-Dagan I, the king of Assyria, and forced his son Mut-Ashkur to pay tribute, bringing almost all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule.

OverviewAI-generated

Hammurabi was a male human who served as the king and monarch of Babylonia. Born in 1810 BCE in the Old Babylonian Empire, he succeeded his father, Sin-Muballit, to the throne. He practiced the Babylonian religion and spoke Akkadian. Hammurabi died in 1750 BCE in Babylonia and was succeeded by his child, Samsu-iluna.

He is associated with the Text of the Code of Hammurabi, also known as the Codex Ḫammurabi, and other works such as Hammurabi's Gesetz. A notable quote attributed to him is, "If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out." He is distinct from Ammurapi. His legacy is referenced in various encyclopedic sources, including the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary.

Synthesized by Vinony from 39 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Last.fm, Crossref, Wikiquote, MusicBrainz, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Royalty.title: King of BabylonKing of the Four Corners of the World
Royalty.name: Hammurabi
Royalty.image: F0182 Louvre Code Hammourabi Bas-relief Sb8 rwk.jpg
Royalty.caption: Hammurabi (standing) receiving his royal insignia from Shamash (or possibly Marduk)
Royalty.succession: King of the Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.reign: (MC)
Royalty.predecessor: Sin-Muballit
Royalty.successor: Samsu-iluna
Royalty.birth_date: BC
Royalty.birth_place: Babylon, Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.death_date: BC (aged 59–60)
Royalty.death_place: Babylon, Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.issue: Samsu-iluna

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Instance of: human
Gender: male
Citizenship: Babylonia
Place of birth: Old Babylonian Empire
Place of death: Babylonia
Child: Samsu-iluna
Father: Sin-Muballit
Occupation: leader
Languages spoken: Akkadian
Religion: Babylonian religion
Notable work: Code of Hammurabi
Family: Old Babylonian Empire
Noble title: king
Image: F0182 Louvre Code Hammourabi Bas-relief Sb8 rwk.jpg

Show 11 more facts

Commons category: Hammurabi
date of death: 1750-00-00
date of birth: 1810-00-00
Commons gallery: Hammurabi
topic's main category: Category:Hammurabi
discoverer or inventor: Austen Henry Layard
time of discovery or invention: 1853-00-00
different from: Ammurapi
replaces: Sin-Muballit
replaced by: Samsu-iluna
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4

Sources (4)

via Wikidata · CC0

~18 min read

Encyclopedic overview

15 sections

Contents

Life
Background and ascension
Reign and conquests
Family
Code of laws
Legacy
Posthumous commemoration
Political legacy
Relationship to Biblical figures and Mosaic law
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
Further reading
External links

Hammurabi is best known for having issued his law code, ostensibly a revelation from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. Unlike earlier Sumerian law codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu, which had focused on compensating the victim of the crime, the Law of Hammurabi was one of the first law codes to place greater emphasis on the physical punishment of the perpetrator. It prescribed specific penalties for each crime and is among the first codes to establish the presumption of innocence. They were intended to limit what a wronged person was permitted to do in retribution. The Code of Hammurabi and the Law of Moses in the Torah contain numerous similarities.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Hammurabi” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.