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Herbert Spencer

Also known as Spencert, Gerbert Spencer

English philosopher and political theorist (1820–1903)

AI overview

Herbert Spencer was a 19th-century English philosopher who applied the concept of evolution to society and human development, arguing that societies progress through natural competition and struggle. His influential ideas shaped debates about politics, economics, and social change for generations, though many of his theories are now rejected by modern scholars.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

In the Vinony graph

Within Vinony's link graph, Herbert Spencer is referenced by 1,880 other articles, and connects out to On the Origin of Species, sociology and evolution.

It is catalogued under topics including 1820 births, 1903 deaths and 19th-century British economists.

Its subject is documented across 82 Wikipedia language editions.

Person · Open Library

Born: 1820
Died: 1903
Works: 485

Top works

Political institutions
Le rôle moral de la bienfaisance
The data of ethics
First Principles
Social statics

via Open Library + Wikidata

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Group
Origin: United Kingdom
Active from: 1963
Active to: 1969

beatbeat musicblue-eyed soulbluesbritish bluesbritish rhythm & blues

Discography

Official site Discogs Stream

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 394
Total plays: 1,154

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
· 2020 · cited 15,988x
<i>Planck</i> 2018 results
· 2020 · cited 13,378x
Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging
· 2015 · cited 11,865x
Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF)
· 2008 · cited 11,363x
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
· 2018 · cited 10,999x

via Crossref · CC0

Quotes

“Time: That which man is always trying to kill, but which ends in killing him.”
“All evil results from the non-adaptation of constitution to conditions. This is true of everything that lives. Does a shrub dwindle in poor soil, or become sickly when deprived of light, or die outright if removed to a cold climate? it is because the harmony between its organization and its circumstances has been destroyed.”
“Evil perpetually tends to disappear.”
“Every man may claim the fullest liberty to exercise his faculties compatible with the possession of like liberties by every other man.”
“Limiting the liberty of each by the like liberty of all, excludes a wide range of improper actions, but does not exclude certain other improper ones.”
“Equity knows no difference of sex. In its vocabulary the word man must be understood in a generic, and not in a specific sense.”

via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA

Wikidata facts

Image: Herbert Spencer.jpg

Show 7 more facts

date of birth: 1824-04-27
date of death: 1903-00-00
Commons category: Herbert Spencer
Commons Creator page: Herbert Spencer
Commons gallery: Herbert Spencer
name in native language: Herbert Spencer
P12749: Otto Günsche

Sources (9)

via Wikidata · CC0

Works in European collections

36 objects attributed to Herbert Spencer, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana

Die Principien der Biologie, 2

Obras filosóficas de Spencer : los primeros principios

Die Principien der Biologie, 1

The principles of biology, 1

Grundlagen der Philosophie

The principles of biology. by Herbert Spencer. 2

Ecclesiastical Institutions: being Part VI. of the Principles of Sociology : [War früher als Theil des 'System of Synthetic Philosophy', Ph.u. 8?? 469 hx, ausgetellt.] Die 'Ecclesiastical Institutions' sind auch in der Ausgabe von 1896 im 8. Bande des 'System of Synthetic Philosophy' vorhanden. Das Anerbieten des Verlegers, die Ausgabe von 1885 zurückzunehmen, wurde aus bibliogr. und bibliothekarischen Gründen nicht acceptiert

The principles of sociology. by Herbert Spencer. 2

Einleitung in das Studium der Sociologie ; 2. von Herbert Spencer ; hrsg. von Heinrich Marquardsen

Einleitung in das Studium der Sociologie ; 1. von Herbert Spencer ; hrsg. von Heinrich Marquardsen

Classification des sciences

Erziehungslehre : In dt. Übers. hrsg. v. Fritz Schultze

Essays. scientific, political and speculative. by Herbert Spencer. 2

The principles of psychology. 2

The principles of biology. by Herbert Spencer. 1

The principles of sociology. by Herbert Spencer. 1

The study of sociology

Essays. scientific, political and speculative. by Herbert Spencer. 3

Von der Freiheit zur Gebundenheit. Herbert Spencer. Vom Verf. genehmigte Übers. durch Wilhelm Bode

The principles of psychology. 1

System der synthetischen Philosophie. von Herbert Spencer. Übers. von B. Vetter. I. Band. Grundlagen der Philosophie

Introduction a la science sociale. par Herbert Spencer

Essays. scientific, political and speculative. by Herbert Spencer. 1

Education. intellectual, moral, and physical

Social Statics, abridged and revised, together with The Man versus the State

The man 'versus' the state : containing 'The new Toryism', 'The coming slavery', 'The sins of legislators' and 'The great political superstition'

The principles of psychology, 1

Einleitung in das Studium der Sociologie, 2

Essays: scientific, political & speculative, 3

Von der Freiheit zur Gebundenheit

Die Principien der Sociologie, 1

The Philosophy of Style, together with an Essay on Style by T. H. Wright, edited with Introduction and Notes by Fred. N. Scott

Einleitung in das Studium der Sociologie, 1

A system of synthetic philosophy, 6

The principles of biology, 2

~40 min read

Encyclopedic overview

Herbert Spencer (27 April 1820 – 8 December 1903) was an English polymath active as a philosopher, psychologist, biologist, sociologist, and anthropologist. Spencer originated the expression "survival of the fittest", which he coined in Principles of Biology (1864) after reading Charles Darwin's 1859 book On the Origin of Species. The term strongly suggests natural selection, yet Spencer saw evolution as extending into realms of sociology and ethics, so he also supported Lamarckism.

Spencer developed an all-embracing conception of evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human mind, and human culture and societies. As a polymath, he contributed to a wide range of subjects, including ethics, religion, anthropology, economics, political theory, philosophy, literature, astronomy, biology, sociology, and psychology. During his lifetime he achieved tremendous authority, mainly in English-speaking academia. Spencer was "the single most famous European intellectual in the closing decades of the nineteenth century" but his influence declined sharply after 1900: "Who now reads Spencer?" asked Talcott Parsons in 1937.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Herbert Spencer” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.