heroin
Also known as 7,8-Dihydro-4,5-alpha-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-alpha-diol diacetate, H, diacetylmorphin, (5alpha,6alpha)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol diacetate (este), O,O'-Diacetylmorphin, 3,6-Diacetylmorphin, (5α,6α)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol diacetate (este), Diacetylmorphin
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Key facts
- Drug.INN
- Diamorphine
- Drug.Watchedfields
- changed
- Drug.verifiedrevid
- 443854562
- Drug.BAN
- Diamorphine
- Drug.IUPAC_name
- (5α,6α)-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol diacetate
- Drug.image
- Diamorphine2DACS3.svg
- Drug.width
- 175
- Drug.image_class
- skin-invert-image
- Drug.image2
- Heroin-from-xtal-horizontal-3D-balls.png
- Drug.image_class2
- bg-transparent
- Drug.pronounce
- Heroin:
- Drug.tradename
- Diaphin
- Drug.dependency_liability
Article
45 sectionsContents
- Uses
- Recreational
- Medical uses
- Maintenance therapy
- Routes of administration
- By mouth
- Injection
- Smoking
- Insufflation
- Suppository
- Adverse effects
- Short-term effects
- Long-term effects
- Injection
- Smoking
- Withdrawal
- Overdose
- Pharmacology
- Chemistry
- History
- Society and culture
- Names
- Legal status
- Asia
- Europe
- Australia
- North America
- Turkey
- Misuse of prescription medication
- Pharmaceutical supply chain
- Production
- Legal opium production
- Licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers
- Distribution
- Illicit supply chain
- Production
- Trafficking
- Routes
- The Balkan route
- Trafficking history
- Street price
- Research
- See also
- References
- External links
Heroin, also known as diacetylmorphine and diamorphine among other names, is a morphinan opioid substance synthesized from the dried latex of the opium poppy; it is mainly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects. Heroin is used medically in several countries to relieve pain, such as during childbirth or a heart attack. Medical-grade diamorphine is used as a pure hydrochloride salt. Various white and brown powders sold illegally around the world as heroin are routinely diluted with cutting agents. Black tar heroin is a variable admixture of morphine derivatives—predominantly 6-MAM (6-monoacetylmorphine), which is the result of crude acetylation during clandestine production of street heroin.
Heroin is typically injected, usually into a vein, but it can also be snorted, smoked, or inhaled. In a clinical context, the route of administration is most commonly intravenous injection; it may also be given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, as well as orally in the form of tablets. The onset of effects is usually rapid and lasts for a few hours.