hydrogen

Also known as element 1

Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has the symbolH and atomic number1. It is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, constituting about 75% of all normal matter. Under standard conditions, hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules with the formula, called dihydrogen, or sometimes hydrogen gas, molecular hydrogen, or simply hydrogen. Dihydrogen is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Stars, including the Sun, mainly consist of hydrogen in a plasma state, while on Earth, hydrogen is found as the gas (dihydrogen) and in molecules, such as in water and org

AI overview

Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up about 75% of all normal matter and forming the primary fuel of stars like our Sun. On Earth, hydrogen exists as a colorless, odorless gas that is highly combustible and is also found in water and other molecules, making it potentially valuable as an energy source.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

860,653 papers

Hydrogen from Water is more than a Fuel: Hydrogenations and Hydrodeoxygenations for a Biobased Economy.ReviewChemical record (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Harnisch F, Morejón MCDOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100034
Development of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers for Hydrogen Storage and Transport.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Le TH, Tran N, Lee HJDOI: 10.3390/ijms25021359
Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2023Rousseau AR, Stankovic MD, Berlinguette CPDOI: 10.3791/65098
Photocatalytic Approaches for Hydrogen Production via Formic Acid Decomposition.ReviewTopics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2019Navlani-García M, Salinas-Torres D, Mori K et al.DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0253-4
Benzothiazoline: versatile hydrogen donor for organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation.ReviewAccounts of chemical research · 2015Zhu C, Saito K, Yamanaka M et al.DOI: 10.1021/ar500414x
A strategy of local hydrogen capture and catalytic hydrogenation for enhanced therapy of chronic liver diseases.Theranostics · 2023Tao G, Liu F, Jin Z et al.DOI: 10.7150/thno.80494
Carbon neutral hydrogen storage and release cycles based on dual-functional roles of formamides.Nature communications · 2023Wei D, Shi X, Junge H et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39309-4
Structural basis for bacterial energy extraction from atmospheric hydrogen.Nature · 2023Grinter R, Kropp A, Venugopal H et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05781-7

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Mass: 1.008
Image: Elektronskal 1.svg

Show 20 more facts

oxidation state: 0
atomic number: 1
Commons category: Hydrogen
element symbol: H
electronegativity: 2.2
time of discovery or invention: 1766-00-00
Commons gallery: Hydrogen
refractive index: 1.000132
density: 0.089870
speed of sound: 1270
thermal conductivity: 0.1805
ionization energy: 1312
melting point: -259.14
boiling point: -252.87
molar enthalpy of vaporization: 0.452
electron configuration: 1s¹
ionic radius: 54
Unicode character: 氫
Stack Exchange tag: physics.stackexchange.com/tags/hydrogen
native label: Hydrogène

Sources (9)

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~45 min read

Article

48 sections

Contents

Properties
Atomic hydrogen
Electron energy levels
Nomenclature
Isotopes
Dihydrogen
Combustion
Spin isomers
Phases
Thermal and physical properties
History
18th century
19th century
20th century
Hydrogen-lifted airship
Deuterium and tritium
Chemistry
Reactions of H<sub>2</sub>
Hydrogen-containing compounds
Hydrogen bonding
Protons and acids
Occurrence
Cosmic
Terrestrial
Production and storage
Industrial routes
Steam reforming
Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons
Water electrolysis
Methane pyrolysis
Thermochemical
Natural routes
Biohydrogen
Serpentinization
Laboratory syntheses
Storage
Applications
Petrochemical industry
Hydrogenation
Fuel
Nickel–hydrogen battery
Semiconductor industry
Niche and evolving uses
Safety and precautions
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Hydrogen gas was first produced artificially in the 17thcentury by the reaction of acids with metals. Henry Cavendish, in1766–1781, identified hydrogen gas as a distinct substance and discovered its property of producing water when burned: this is the origin of hydrogen's name, which means (from , and ). Understanding the colors of light absorbed and emitted by hydrogen was a crucial part of the development of quantum mechanics.