infertility

In biology, infertility is the inability of a male and female organism to reproduce. It is usually not the natural state of a healthy organism that has reached sexual maturity, so children who have not undergone puberty, which is the body's start of reproductive capacity, are excluded. It is also a normal state in women after menopause.

AI overview

Infertility is the inability of a male and female organism to reproduce, a condition that differs from the normal reproductive capacity of healthy adults. It typically affects people who have gone through puberty but excludes children who haven't reached sexual maturity and women after menopause, when infertility is a natural part of aging.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Medical condition (new).name: Infertility
Medical condition (new).field: Urology, gynecology
Medical condition (new).causes: Common in females: anovulation, blocked fallopian tube, hormonal imbalance Common in males: low sperm count, abnormal sperm morphology
Medical condition (new).frequency: 113 million (2015)

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

138,765 papers

Infertility and cortisol: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Karunyam BV, Abdul Karim AK, Naina Mohamed I et al.DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1147306
Infertility cell therapy and epigenetic insights.ReviewHuman antibodies · 2021Eshghifar N, Dehghan BK, Do AA et al.DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200438
Cutting-Edge Evaluation of Male Infertility.ReviewThe Urologic clinics of North America · 2020Pathak UI, Gabrielsen JS, Lipshultz LIDOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2019.12.001
Dropout of infertility treatments and related factors among infertile couples.Reproductive health · 2020Ghorbani M, Hosseini FS, Yunesian M et al.DOI: 10.1186/s12978-020-01048-w
On infertility.ReviewJournal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 1994Sandelowski MDOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01949.x
Sexual dysfunction and male infertility.ReviewNature reviews. Urology · 2018Lotti F, Maggi MDOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2018.20
Male infertility: a biomarker of individual and familial cancer risk.ReviewFertility and sterility · 2018Hanson BM, Eisenberg ML, Hotaling JMDOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.11.005
Male Infertility and the Risk of Developing Testicular Cancer: A Critical Contemporary Literature Review.ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Maiolino G, Fernández-Pascual E, Ochoa Arvizo MA et al.DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071305

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Wikidata facts

Image: Infertility causes.png

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Commons category: Infertility
NCI Thesaurus ID: C3836
exact match: purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000712
hashtag: infertility

Sources (8)

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Article

33 sections

Contents

Definition
World Health Organization
United States
United Kingdom
Other definitions
Primary vs. secondary infertility
Effects
Psychological
Social
Sexual
Causes
Iodine deficiency
Natural infertility
Delayed puberty
Immune infertility
Sexually transmitted infections
Genetic
Other causes
Females
Males
Unexplained infertility
In animals
Diagnosis
Medical treatments
Tourism
Stem cell therapy
Epidemiology
Society and culture
Ethics
See also
References
Further reading
External links

In humans, infertility is defined as the inability to become pregnant after at least one year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse involving a male and female partner. There are many causes of infertility, including some that medical intervention can treat. Estimates from 1997, suggest that worldwide about five percent of all heterosexual couples have an unresolved problem with infertility. That figure has been on the rise, with the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting in 2023 that about 17.5% of people experience infertility during their lifetime, while prevalence at a given time point is 12.6%. Many more couples, however, experience involuntary childlessness for at least one year, with estimates ranging from 12% to 28%.