khagan

Also known as Qagan, Kha Khan, Qaghan, Khan of Khans, Great Khan

AI overview

# Khagan Overview Khagan is a title for a ruler or supreme leader that was used across multiple Asian empires and peoples, including the Rouran, Mongolian, Yeniseian, and Arab-influenced regions. The term appears in various scripts and languages—from Brahmi to Mongolian to Arabic—reflecting its importance as a designation of authority across diverse cultures and historical periods.

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native label: 가한

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~14 min read

Article

13 sections

Contents

Etymology
History
Mongol khagans
Among Turkic peoples
Ottoman Empire
Chinese khagans
Among the Slavs
See also
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
Further reading

{| class="wikitable wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" |style="background: #cbe; min-width:18.5em" colspan=2 align="center"|Khagan |- ! colspan="2" |Rouran |- | Brahmi Script:|| |- | Transliteration:|| Kagan |- | Transcription (Vovin):|| |- ! colspan="2" |Mongolian |- | Mongolian Script:|| |- | ʼPhags-pa script:|| |- | Transliteration:|| Qagan, Xagan |- | Cyrillic script:|| Хаан / Хаган |- | Transliteration:|| Khaan / Khagan |- ! colspan="2"|Yeniseian |- | Latin alphabet:|| Qaγan |- ! colspan="2" |Arabic |- |Arabic script: |خاقان |- |Transliteration: |Khaqan |- ! colspan="2" |Hindustani |- |Devanagari: (Hindi) |ख़ागान् |- |Transliteration: |K͟Hāgān |- |Nasta'liq: (Urdu) |خاقان |- |Transliteration: |K͟Hāqān |- ! colspan="2" |Bengali |- |Bengali: |খাকান / খাগান |- |Transliteration: |khākān / khāgān |- ! colspan="2" |Punjabi |- |Gurumukhi: |ਖ਼ਾਗਾਨ੍ |- |Transliteration: |K͟Hāgān |- |Shahmukhi: |خاقان |- |Transliteration: |K͟Hāqān |- ! colspan="2"|Old Turkic |- | Latin alphabet:|| Qağan / Kaɣan |- | Old Turkic:|| |- ! colspan="2"|Turkish |- | Anatolian Turkish language:|| Kağan, Kaan, Hakan |- | Ottoman Turkish language / Latin alphabet transliteration:|| خاقان / Ḫākan |- ! colspan="2" |Azerbaijani |- | Latin alphabet:|| Xaqan |- ! colspan="2"|Kazakh |- | Cyrillic script:|| Қаған |- | Latin alphabet:|| Qağan |- ! colspan="2"|Kyrgyz |- | Cyrillic script:|| Каган |- | Pronunciation:|| [qɑˈʁɑn] |- ! colspan="2"|Russian, Ukrainian |- | Cyrillic script:|| Каган |- | Latin alphabet:|| Kagan |- ! colspan="2"|Hungarian |- | Latin alphabet:|| Kagán |- ! colspan="2"|Chinese |- | Traditional Chinese:|| 可汗 |- | Simplified Chinese:|| 可汗 |- | Hanyu Pinyin:|| Kèhán |- ! colspan="2"|Persian |- | Persian alphabet:|| خاقان |- | Latin alphabet:|| Khāghān |- ! colspan="2"|Korean |- | Hangul:|| |- | Hanja:|| |- | Revised Romanization: || Gahan |- | McCune–Reischauer: || Kahan |- ! colspan="2"|Uyghur |- |Uyghur |قاغان |- |Uyghur latin |Qaghan |}

Khagan or Qaghan (Kazakh: Қаған/Qağan, Middle Mongol:; or Khagan; ) is a title of imperial rank in Turkic, Mongolic, and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire). The female equivalent is Khatun.