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Miacidae
Also known as miacids, Cercoleptoidei, Cynoidei, Eucreodi, Eucreodontia, Miacida, Miacinae, Miacini
Miacidae ("small points") is a former paraphyletic family of extinct primitive placental mammals that lived in North America, Europe and Asia during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 65–33.9 million years ago. These mammals were basal to order Carnivora, the crown-group within the Carnivoraformes.
Species
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassMammalia
- OrderCarnivora
- FamilyMiacidae
細齒獸科（学名：Miacidae）是古新世至始新世（約3300-6500萬年前）的原始肉食性動物。細齒獸類演化至現今肉食性的哺乳動物。 細齒獸類是細小像貂鼠的動物，身體及尾巴都很長。一些物種是棲息樹上的，其他的則生活在陸地。牠們可能吃無脊椎動物、蜥蜴、鳥類及細小的哺乳動物，如鼩鼱科及負鼠目等。牠們的牙齒及頭顱骨比現今的食肉目較少發育。牠們有裂齒，但沒有成骨的鼓泡。牠們像Cimolestes，故食肉目有可能是從與有蹄動物有關的食蟲動物演化而來。 細齒獸類可以分為兩類：有完整臼齒的miacine及有專門裂齒的viverravine。 分類 細齒獸類傳統上並非單系群的，而是側系群。過往細齒獸科及古靈貓科被分類在另一個已滅絕的細齒獸超科，細齒獸超科是食肉目及古食肉目的直系祖先。現時食肉目及細齒獸超科都一同編在食肉形類中，而細齒獸超科是其基底。一些小古貓屬的物種演化成現今的食肉目，但當中只有Miacis cognitus是真正肉食性的。 由細齒獸科變成食肉目是始新世中期及末期的大勢所趨。於始新世中期，約4200萬年前，食肉目從細齒獸類中分化出來。於6000萬年前古新世北美洲出現的古靈貓科亦相信是最早期的食肉目，但頭蓋形態的研究發現牠們是屬於食肉目。[1]一些古生物學家認為古靈貓科是貓型總科的祖先，但卻備受質疑。 †細齒獸科 Chailicyon Eostictis Ictognathus 小古貓屬（Miacis） Miocyon Oodectes Palaearctonyx Paramiacis Paroodectes Prodaphaenus Tapocyon Uintacyon Vassacyon 擬狐獸屬（Vulpavus） Xinyuictis Ziphacodon 參考 ^ Polly, David, Gina D. Wesley-Hunt, Ronald E. Heinrich, Graham Davis and Peter Houde. Earliest Known Carnivoran Auditory Bulla and Support for a Recent Origin of Crown-Clade Carnivora (Eutheria, Mammalia) (PDF). Palaeontology. 2006, 49 (5): 1019–1027. 取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=細齒獸類&oldid=49904251” 分类： 細齒獸超科 細齒獸科 隐藏分类： 物种微格式条目 含有拉丁語的條目
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Wikidata facts
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Article
5 sectionsContents
- Classification
- History of classification
- Taxonomy
- Phylogeny
- References
Miacidae ("small points") is a former paraphyletic family of extinct primitive placental mammals that lived in North America, Europe and Asia during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 65–33.9 million years ago. These mammals were basal to order Carnivora, the crown-group within the Carnivoraformes.
Miacids are thought to have evolved into the modern carnivorous mammals of the order Carnivora. They were small carnivores, superficially weasel-like or ferret-like with long, lithe bodies and long tails. Some species were arboreal, while others lived on the ground.