morphometrics

thumb|360px|right|Size of genera in the extinct bird family Confuciusornithidae, compared to a human (1.75 meter tall). A. [[Changchengornis. Based on the holotype. B. Confuciusornis. Based on several specimens of about the same size. C. Eoconfuciusornis. Based on the holotype IVPP V11977.]] thumb|Measuring shell length in bog turtles.

Morphometrics (from Greek μορΦή morphe, "shape, form", and -μετρία metria, "measurement") or morphometry refers to the quantitative analysis of form, a concept that encompasses size and shape. Morphometric analyses are commonly performed on organisms, and are useful in analyzing their fossil record, the impact of mutations on shape, developmental changes in form, covariances between ecological factors and shape, as well for estimating quantitative-genetic parameters of shape. Morphometrics can be used to quantify a trait of evolutionary significance, and by detecting changes in the shape, deduce something of their ontogeny, function or evolutionary relationships. A major objective of morphometrics is to statistically test hypotheses about the factors that affect shape.