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Nabonidus

File:Detail,_stele_of_Nabonidus._Nabonidus_wears_the_traditional_dress_of_a_Babylonian_king,_holding_objects_symbolizing_justice_and_power.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Nabonidus (, meaning "May Nabu be exalted" or "Nabu is praised") was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling from 556 BC to the fall of Babylon to the Achaemenian Empire under Cyrus the Great in 539 BC. Nabonidus was the last native ruler of ancient Mesopotamia, the end of his reign marking the end of thousands of years of Sumero-Akkadian states, kingdoms and empires. He was also the last independent king of Babylon. Regarded as one of the most vibrant and individualistic rulers of his time, Nabonidus is characterised by some scholars as an unorthodox religious reformer and as the f

Person · Open Library

Born
after 609 BC
Died
after 539 BC
Works
5

Top works

  • Inschriften von Nabonidus, König von Babylon (555-538 v. Chr.)
  • Inschriften von Nabonidus, König von Babylon (555-538 v. Chr.)
  • Inschriften von Nabonidus, König von Babylon (555-538 v. Chr.)
  • Inschriften von Nabonidus, König von Babylon (555-538 v. Chr.)
  • Inschriften von Nabonidus, König von Babylon (555-538 v. Chr.)

via Open Library + Wikidata

Key facts

Royalty.name
Nabonidus
Royalty.birth_date
620–615 BC
Royalty.native_lang1_name1
Nabû-naʾid
Royalty.dynasty
Chaldean dynasty(through marriage) (?)
Royalty.native_lang1
Akkadian
Royalty.issue
BelshazzarEnnigaldi-NannaIna-Esagila-rematAkkabuʾunma
Royalty.issue link
Family, children and descendants
Royalty.issue pipe
Amongothers
Royalty.succession
King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire
Royalty.death_place
Carmania (?)
Royalty.death_date
Possibly after 522 BC
Royalty.birth_place
Harran
Royalty.father
Nabu-balatsu-iqbi
Royalty.mother
Adad-guppi
Royalty.successor
Cyrus the Great(Achaemenid Empire)
Royalty.predecessor
Labashi-Marduk
Royalty.spouse
Nitocris (?)(A daughter of Nebuchadnezzar II) (?)
Royalty.reign
25 May 556 BC – 13 October 539 BC

via Wikipedia infobox

~56 min read

Encyclopedic overview

19 sections
Contents
  • Background
  • Ancestry and connection to royalty
  • Pre-royal career
  • Reign
  • Rise to the throne
  • Early reign
  • Nabonidus in Tayma
  • Religious policies
  • Late reign and fall of Babylon
  • Fate
  • Family, children and descendants
  • Legacy
  • Character and remembrance
  • Nabonidus as an archaeologist
  • Titles
  • Notes
  • References
  • Bibliography
  • Web sources

Nabonidus (, meaning "May Nabu be exalted" or "Nabu is praised") was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling from 556 BC to the fall of Babylon to the Achaemenian Empire under Cyrus the Great in 539 BC. Nabonidus was the last native ruler of ancient Mesopotamia, the end of his reign marking the end of thousands of years of Sumero-Akkadian states, kingdoms and empires. He was also the last independent king of Babylon. Regarded as one of the most vibrant and individualistic rulers of his time, Nabonidus is characterised by some scholars as an unorthodox religious reformer and as the first archaeologist.

The origins of Nabonidus, his connection to previous royalty, and subsequently what claim he had to the throne remain unclear, given that Nabonidus made no genealogical claims of kinship to previous kings. This suggests that he was neither related nor connected to the Chaldean dynasty of Babylonian rulers. However, he is known to have had a prominent career of some kind before he became king. It is possible that he was connected to the Chaldean kings via marriage, possibly having married a daughter of Nebuchadnezzar II (605–562 BC). Nabonidus's mother, Adad-guppi, was of Assyrian ancestry. His father, Nabu-balatsu-iqbi, of whom little is known, may also have been either Assyrian or Babylonian. Some historians have speculated that either Adad-guppi or Nabu-balatsu-iqbi were members of the Sargonid dynasty, rulers of the Neo-Assyrian Empire until its fall in 609 BC.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Nabonidus” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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