naphthalene

Also known as naphthalin, tar camphor, white tar, Naphthaline, Mothballs, Naphthene, Camphor tar, Tolboxane

Naphthalene is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene's structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is the main ingredient of traditional mothballs.

AI overview

Naphthalene is a white crystalline chemical made of two fused benzene rings, best known as the main ingredient in traditional mothballs and recognizable by its distinctive odor. It's the simplest type of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, a class of organic compounds important in chemistry and industry.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: C10H8
Molecular weight: 128.17 g/mol
IUPAC name: naphthalene
SMILES: C1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1
InChIKey: UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: 3.3
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Wikidata facts

Mass: 128.063
Image: Naphthalene.jpg

Show 21 more facts

Commons category: Naphthalene
chemical formula: C₁₀H₈
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0439
density: 1.15
immediately dangerous to life or health: 1310
Commons gallery: Naphthalene
melting point: 80.2
boiling point: 217.99
vapor pressure: 0.08
flash point: 174
solubility: 0.003
lower flammable limit: 0.9
upper flammable limit: 5.9
ionization energy: 8.14
time-weighted average exposure limit: 50
short-term exposure limit: 75
canonical SMILES: C1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1
MCN code: 2902.90.20
standard enthalpy of formation: 78.53
refractive index: 1.5898
electric dipole moment: 0

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~15 min read

Article

23 sections

Contents

History
Physical properties
Molecular geometry
Electrical conductivity
Chemical properties
Reactions with electrophiles
Lithiation
Reduction and oxidation
Production
Other sources and occurrences
Uses
Fumigant
Solvent
Derivative uses
Sulfonic acids and sulfonates
Other derivative uses
Other uses
Health effects
Regulation
Naphthalene derivatives
See also
References
External links

== History == In the early 1820s, two separate reports described a white solid with a pungent odor derived from the distillation of coal tar. In 1821, John Kidd cited these two disclosures and then described many of this substance's properties and the means of its production. He proposed the name naphthaline, as it had been derived from a kind of naphtha (a broad term encompassing any volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture, including coal tar). Naphthalene's chemical formula was determined by Michael Faraday in 1826. The structure of two fused benzene rings was proposed by Emil Erlenmeyer in 1866, and confirmed by Carl Gräbe three years later.