Nippur

Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as , EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;" Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god Enlil, the "Lord Wind", ruler of the cosmos, subject to An alone. Nippur was located in modern Nuffar 8 kilometers north of modern Afak, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is roughly 200 km south of modern Baghdad and about 100 km southeast of the ancient city of Babylon. Occupation at the site extended back to the Ubaid period (Ubaid 2 – Hajji Muhammed), the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period. The

AI overview

Nippur was an ancient Sumerian city in what is now Iraq that served as the primary religious center for worshipping Enlil, the most powerful god in the Sumerian pantheon. Its significance in Mesopotamian civilization made it an important cultural and spiritual hub, with continuous human settlement at the site dating back thousands of years to the earliest periods of Sumerian history.

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Key facts

Ancient site.name: Nippur
Ancient site.image: Ruins from a temple in Naffur.jpg
Ancient site.caption: Ruins of a temple platform in Nippur—the brick structure on top was constructed by American archaeologists around 1900.
Ancient site.map_type: Iraq
Ancient site.relief: yes
Ancient site.location: Nuffar, Afak District, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq
Ancient site.region: Mesopotamia
Ancient site.excavations: 1851, 1889–1900, 1948–1990, 2018–present
Ancient site.archaeologists: Austen Henry Layard, John Punnett Peters, John Henry Haynes, Hermann Volrath Hilprecht, Richard C. Haines, Thorkild Jacobsen, McGuire Gibson

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Wikidata facts

Area: 150
Image: Ruins from a temple in Naffur.jpg
Height: 20

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P8168: Dunsterforce
Commons category: Nippur

Sources (4)

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~34 min read

Article

27 sections

Contents

History
Early Bronze Age
Early Dynastic period
Akkadian period (c. 2350-2150 BCE)
Ur III period (c. 2112-2004 BC)
Middle Bronze Age
Isin/Larsa period (c. 2020-1820 BC)
Old Babylonian period (1820-1587 BCE)
Late Bronze Age
Kassite period
Iron Age onwards
Islamic abandonment
Archaeology
Ziggurat
Temple of Enlil
Temple of Gula
Murashu archive
Site TA
Inanna Temple
Nearby sites
Drehem
Tell Dlehim
Tell Waresh 2
See also
Notes
References
External links

== History == ===Early Bronze Age=== ====Early Dynastic period==== Nippur never enjoyed political hegemony in its own right, but its control was crucial, as it was considered capable of conferring the overall "kingship" on monarchs from other city-states. It was distinctively a sacred city, important from the possession of the famous Ekur temple of Enlil. Ninurta, son of Enlil, also had his main cult center, the E-shumesha temple, in the city-state.