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Noachian
EntityQ391398· pop 15· linked from 658 articles

The Noachian is a geologic system and early time period on the planet Mars characterized by high rates of meteorite and asteroid impacts and the possible presence of abundant surface water. The absolute age of the Noachian period is uncertain but probably corresponds to the lunar Pre-Nectarian to Early Imbrian periods of 4100 to 3700 million years ago, during the interval known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. Many of the large impact basins on the Moon and Mars formed at this time. The Noachian Period is roughly equivalent to the Earth's Hadean and early Archean eons when Earth's first life for

Key facts

Geologic timespan.name
Noachian
Geologic timespan.manual_color
rgb(127.0, 127.0, 204.0)
Geologic timespan.top_bar
mars
Geologic timespan.time_start
4100
Geologic timespan.time_end
3700
Geologic timespan.image_outcrop
Noachian Terrain.jpg
Geologic timespan.caption_outcrop
MOLA colorized relief map of Noachis Terra, the type area for the Noachian System. Note the superficial resemblance to the lunar highlands. Colors indicate elevation, with red highest and blue-violet lowest. The blue feature at bottom right is the northwestern portion of the giant Hellas impact basin.
Geologic timespan.subdivisions
Early Noachian Middle Noachian Late Noachian
Geologic timespan.celestial_body
mars
Geologic timespan.timescales_used
Martian Geologic Timescale
Geologic timespan.chrono_unit
Period
Geologic timespan.strat_unit
System
Geologic timespan.type_section
Noachis Terra

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Named after
Noachis Terra
Followed by
Hesperian
Image
Noachian Clays PIA11732.jpg
Show 3 more facts
located on astronomical body
Mars
start time
4100000000
end time
3700000000
Sources (2)

via Wikidata · CC0

~23 min read

Encyclopedic overview

14 sections
Contents
  • Description and name origin
  • Noachian chronology and stratigraphy
  • System vs. Period
  • Boundaries and subdivisions
  • Mars during the Noachian Period
  • Impact cratering
  • Erosion and valley networks
  • Lakes and oceans
  • Volcanism
  • Weathering products
  • See also
  • Notes
  • References
  • Further reading

The Noachian is a geologic system and early time period on the planet Mars characterized by high rates of meteorite and asteroid impacts and the possible presence of abundant surface water. The absolute age of the Noachian period is uncertain but probably corresponds to the lunar Pre-Nectarian to Early Imbrian periods of 4100 to 3700 million years ago, during the interval known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. Many of the large impact basins on the Moon and Mars formed at this time. The Noachian Period is roughly equivalent to the Earth's Hadean and early Archean eons when Earth's first life forms likely arose.

Noachian-aged terrains on Mars are prime spacecraft landing sites to search for fossil evidence of life. During the Noachian, the atmosphere of Mars was denser than it is today, and the climate possibly warm enough (at least episodically) to allow rainfall. Large lakes and rivers were present in the southern hemisphere, and an ocean may have covered the low-lying northern plains. Extensive volcanism occurred in the Tharsis region, building up enormous masses of volcanic material (the Tharsis bulge) and releasing large quantities of gases into the atmosphere. Weathering of surface rocks produced a diversity of clay minerals (phyllosilicates) that formed under chemical conditions conducive to microbial life.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Noachian” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (8)

On the map

2 mapped locations