Nuremberg trials

Also known as Nürnberg trials

The Nuremberg trials were international criminal trials held by France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States against leaders of defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of several countries across Europe and committing atrocities against their citizens in the Second World War.

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The Nuremberg trials were a series of war crimes trials held in Germany at the Palace of Justice. These proceedings took place from November 20, 1945, to October 1, 1946. The trials were conducted by the International Military Tribunal under the Nuremberg Charter.

Prominent defendants included Hermann Göring, Rudolf Hess, Martin Bormann, and Joachim von Ribbentrop. They faced charges of conspiracy, war of aggression, war crime, and crime against humanity. The prosecution was led by Robert H. Jackson, Roman Rudenko, Hartley Shawcross, and François de Menthon. The bench included judges Francis Biddle, John J. Parker, Iona Nikitchenko, and Alexander Volchkov.

These proceedings are classified as a subclass of trial and an instance of a war crimes trial. They were followed by the subsequent Nuremberg trials.

Synthesized by Vinony from 18 facts across 2 sources: Wikidata, Firecrawl. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

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It sits within the topics 1940s trials, 1945 in case law and 1945 in Germany.

Its subject is documented across 82 Wikipedia language editions.

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Wikidata facts

Instance of: war crimes trial
Subclass of: trial
Country: Germany
Followed by: subsequent Nuremberg trials
Location: Palace of Justice
Official website: museen.nuernberg.de/memorium-nuernberger-prozesse
Image: Nuremberg Trials. Looking down on defendants dock, circa 1945-1946. - NARA - 540127.jpg

Show 15 more facts

plaintiff: Auguste Champetier de Ribes
charge: crime against humanity
Commons category: Nuremberg Trials
topic's main category: Category:Nuremberg trials
Commons gallery: Nuremberg Trials
start time: 1945-11-20
end time: 1946-10-01
work available at URL: archive.org/details/TheNurnbergTrial
judge: Robert Falco
defendant: Erich Raeder
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
court: International Military Tribunal
topic has template: Template:Main Nuremberg defendants
different from: Q4328551
main regulatory text: Nuremberg Charter

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Encyclopedic overview

Between 1939 and 1945, Nazi Germany invaded many countries across Europe, inflicting 27 million deaths in the Soviet Union alone. Proposals for how to punish the defeated Nazi leaders ranged from a show trial (the Soviet Union) to summary executions (the United Kingdom). In mid-1945, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States agreed to convene a joint tribunal in Nuremberg, occupied Germany, with the Nuremberg Charter as its legal instrument. Between 20 November 1945 and 1 October 1946, the International Military Tribunal (IMT) tried 22 of the most important surviving leaders of Nazi Germany in the political, military, and economic spheres, as well as six German organizations. The purpose of the trial was not only to try the defendants but also to assemble irrefutable evidence of Nazi war crimes, offer a history lesson to the defeated Germans, and delegitimize the traditional German elite.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Nuremberg trials” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.