palladium

Also known as Pd, element 46, 46Pd

Palladium is a chemical element; it has the symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1802 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas (formally 2 Pallas), which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquired by her when she slew Pallas. Palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium form together a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals. They have similar chemical properties, but palladium has the lowest melting point and is the least dense of t

OverviewAI-generated

Palladium is a chemical element with the symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It has a mass of 106.42 and an electronegativity of 2.2. The element was discovered in 1803. Its electron configuration is listed as [Kr] 5s² 5d⁸. The ionic radius is 0.86.

The chemical formula for palladium is Pd. It has zero hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, and its charge is 0. The topological polar surface area is 0. The canonical SMILES representation is [Pd]. The Unicode character for the element is 鈀.

Research on palladium includes 34,312 records in PubMed. The subject is referenced by 1,566 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 24 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Pd
Molecular weight: 106.42 g/mol
IUPAC name: palladium
SMILES: [Pd]
InChIKey: KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

34,312 papers

Palladium-catalyzed Synthesis of Fused Carbo- and Heterocycles.ReviewChemistry, an Asian journal · 2022Ghosh T, Biswas D, Bhakta SDOI: 10.1002/asia.202200725
Platinum, palladium, and rhodium in airborne particulate matter.ReviewArhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2019Rinkovec JDOI: 10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3293
Palladium in biological media: Can the synthetic chemist's most versatile transition metal become a powerful biological tool?ReviewJournal of inorganic biochemistry · 2021Brewster RC, Klemencic E, Jarvis AGDOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111317
Supported Palladium Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling Reactions using Carbon Monoxide as C1 Source.ReviewChemical record (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Shaifali, Sheetal, Das PDOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100157
Palladium-Promoted On-DNA Heck Reactions.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Wang X, Lu XDOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2545-3_9
Recent Advances in Palladium-Catalyzed Isocyanide Insertions.ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Collet JW, Roose TR, Weijers B et al.DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214906
Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.ReviewChemical Society reviews · 2011Enthaler S, Company ADOI: 10.1039/c1cs15085e
Palladium catalysed meta-C-H functionalization reactions.ReviewOrganic & biomolecular chemistry · 2016Dey A, Agasti S, Maiti DDOI: 10.1039/c6ob00395h

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of: chemical element
Subclass of: platinum group
Part of: group 10
Named after: 2 Pallas
Mass: 106.42
Image: Palladium (46 Pd).jpg

Show 15 more facts

atomic number: 46
element symbol: Pd
Commons category: Palladium
topic's main category: Category:Palladium
Commons gallery: Palladium
described by source: Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
canonical SMILES: [Pd]
chemical formula: Pd
time of discovery or invention: 1803-00-00
discoverer or inventor: William Hyde Wollaston
Unicode character: 鈀
ionic radius: 0.62
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
electronegativity: 2.2
electron configuration: [Kr] 5s² 5d⁸

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~24 min read

Encyclopedic overview

31 sections

Contents

Characteristics
Isotopes
Compounds
Palladium(II)
Palladium(0)
Other oxidation states
Occurrence
Applications
Catalysis
Electronics
Technology
Hydrogen storage
Medicine
Jewellery
Photography
Art
Research
Cold fusion
Super tough metallic glass
Alternatives
Effects on health
Toxicity
Precautions
History
Palladium as investment
Palladium producers
Exchange-traded products
Bullion coins and bars
See also
References
External links

More than half the supply of palladium and its congener platinum is used in catalytic converters, which convert as much as 90% of the harmful gases in automobile exhaust (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide) into nontoxic substances (nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor). Palladium is also used in electronics, dentistry, medicine, hydrogen purification, chemical applications, electrochemical sensors, electrosynthesis, groundwater treatment, and jewelry.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “palladium” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.