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polysaccharide

Also known as polysaccharides

thumb|upright=1.5|3D structure of cellulose, a [[beta-glucan polysaccharide]] thumb|class=skin-invert-image|upright=1.5|Amylose is a linear [[polymer of glucose mainly linked with α(1→4) bonds. It can be made of several thousands of glucose units. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylopectin.]]

AI overview

A polysaccharide is a large molecule made up of many sugar units linked together in a chain, with examples including cellulose (found in plants) and starch (a storage carbohydrate in many organisms). Polysaccharides are important because they serve as key structural materials and energy sources—cellulose provides plant cell structure, while starch stores energy that organisms can access when needed.

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Research

755,281 papers

Astragalus polysaccharide: a review of its immunomodulatory effect.ReviewArchives of pharmacal research · 2022Li CX, Liu Y, Zhang YZ et al.DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01393-3
Polysaccharide nanoparticles: from fabrication to applications.ReviewJournal of materials chemistry. B · 2021Plucinski A, Lyu Z, Schmidt BVKJDOI: 10.1039/d1tb00628b
Biological activities and pharmaceutical applications of polysaccharide from natural resources: A review.ReviewCarbohydrate polymers · 2018Yu Y, Shen M, Song Q et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.009
Extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Cordyceps.ReviewCritical reviews in microbiology · 2020Yang S, Yang X, Zhang HDOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2020.1794788
Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering: A Review.ReviewTissue engineering. Part B, Reviews · 2021Jin M, Shi J, Zhu W et al.DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2020.0208
Polysaccharide lyases.ReviewApplied biochemistry and biotechnology · 1986Linhardt RJ, Galliher PM, Cooney CLDOI: 10.1007/BF02798420
Plant polysaccharide degradation-related enzymes in Aspergillus oryzae.ReviewBioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry · 2024Matsuzawa TDOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad177
Polysaccharide-based hydrogels: New insights and futuristic prospects in wound healing.ReviewInternational journal of biological macromolecules · 2022Raina N, Pahwa R, Thakur VK et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.115

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Wikidata facts

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Commons category: Polysaccharides

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~17 min read

Article

20 sections

Contents

Cellulose and dietary fiber
Structure
Storage polysaccharides
Starch
Glycogen
Galactogen
Inulin
Structural polysaccharides
Arabinoxylans
Cellulose
Chitin
Pectins
Acidic polysaccharides
Bacterial polysaccharides
Chemical identification tests for polysaccharides
Periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS)
Derivatives
See also
References
External links

Polysaccharides (; ) are "Compounds consisting of a large number of monosaccharides linked glycosidically". They are the most abundant carbohydrates in food. Their structures range from linear to highly branched polymers. Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch, glycogen, and galactogen and structural polysaccharides such as hemicellulose and chitin. The term "glycan" is synonymous with polysaccharide, but often glycans are discussed in the context of glycoconjugates, i.e. hybrids of polysaccharides and proteins or lipids.