RD-253
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The RD-253 () and its later variants, the RD-275 and RD-275M, are liquid-propellant rocket engines developed in the Soviet Union by Energomash. The engines are used on the first stage of the Proton launch vehicle and use an oxidizer-rich staged combustion cycle to power the turbopumps. The engine burns a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide () oxidizer, which are highly toxic, but storable at room temperature.
Key facts
- Rocket engine.name
- RD-253
- Rocket engine.image
- Mockup rocket motor RD-275 Salon du Bourget 2013 DSC 0062.jpg
- Rocket engine.caption
- Mock-up of a RD-275 rocket motor at the Paris Air Show in 2013
- Rocket engine.first_date
- RD-253: 1965RD-275: 1995RD-275М: 2007
- Rocket engine.designer
- NPO Energomash, Valentin Glushko
- Rocket engine.manufacturer
- Proton-PM
- Rocket engine.purpose
- First stage booster
- Rocket engine.associated
- Proton
- Rocket engine.successor
- RD-254, RD-256, RD-275, RD-275М
- Rocket engine.status
- Operational
- Rocket engine.type
- liquid
- Rocket engine.fuel
- UDMH
- Rocket engine.mixture_ratio
- 2.67
- Rocket engine.cycle
- Staged combustion
- Rocket engine.combustion_chamber
- 1
- Rocket engine.nozzle_ratio
- 26.2
- Rocket engine.thrust(Vac)
- RD-253: RD-275: RD-275М:
- Rocket engine.thrust(SL)
- RD-253: RD-275: RD-275М:
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
- Image
- RD-253.jpg
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- Commons category
- RD-253
Sources (1)
via Wikidata · CC0
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Article
5 sectionsContents
- History
- Current state and development
- Versions
- See also
- References
The RD-253 () and its later variants, the RD-275 and RD-275M, are liquid-propellant rocket engines developed in the Soviet Union by Energomash. The engines are used on the first stage of the Proton launch vehicle and use an oxidizer-rich staged combustion cycle to power the turbopumps. The engine burns a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide () oxidizer, which are highly toxic, but storable at room temperature.
== History == Development of the RD-253 started in 1961. Preliminary investigations and development of the engine and its further production was performed under the guidance of Valentin Glushko and finished in 1963. The RD-253 uses an oxidiser-rich staged combustion cycle. It was used for the first time in July 1965, when six engines powered the first stage of the Proton rocket. Development and production of RD-253 was a qualitative leap forward for rocketry of that time by achieving high levels of thrust, specific impulse and pressure in the combustion chamber. This engine is one of the most reliable engines in the USSR and modern Russia.