ribosome

Also known as GO:0005840, ribosomes

A ribosome () is a ribonucleoprotein particle found in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, responsible for the synthesis of proteins. A ribosome functions as a molecular machine in the translation of strands of messenger RNA (mRNA) and production of a protein. A ribosome links amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of mRNA molecules to form polypeptide chains. A ribosome is made up of a large and a small subunit, each consisting of one or more ribosomal RNA molecules and many ribosomal proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translation

AI overview

A ribosome is a tiny molecular machine found in all living cells that reads instructions from messenger RNA and assembles proteins by linking amino acids together in a specific order. Ribosomes are essential for life because they're responsible for making all the proteins that cells need to function.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Microanatomy.Name: Ribosome
Microanatomy.Image: Ribosome shape.png
Microanatomy.Caption: Large (red) and small (blue) subunits of a ribosome
Microanatomy.PartOf: Cell (biology)

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

247,690 papers

Eukaryotic Ribosome Assembly.ReviewAnnual review of biochemistry · 2024Vanden Broeck A, Klinge SDOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-030222-113611
Eukaryotic Ribosome Assembly.ReviewAnnual review of biochemistry · 2019Baßler J, Hurt EDOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-110817
Ribosome Biogenesis: A Central Player in Cancer Metastasis and Therapeutic Resistance.ReviewCancer research · 2022Elhamamsy AR, Metge BJ, Alsheikh HA et al.DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-4087
Ribosome Assembly and Repair.ReviewAnnual review of cell and developmental biology · 2024Yang YM, Karbstein KDOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111822-113326
Ribosome Specialization in Protozoa Parasites.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Rodríguez-Almonacid CC, Kellogg MK, Karamyshev AL et al.DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087484
The ribosome as a platform to coordinate mRNA decay.ReviewNucleic acids research · 2025Müller MBD, Becker T, Denk T et al.DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaf049
Ribosome heterogeneity and specialization in development.ReviewWiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA · 2021Norris K, Hopes T, Aspden JLDOI: 10.1002/wrna.1644
Ribosome Stoichiometry: From Form to Function.ReviewTrends in biochemical sciences · 2019Emmott E, Jovanovic M, Slavov NDOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.10.009

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Show 2 more facts

Commons category: Ribosomes
exact match: purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005840

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~27 min read

Article

24 sections

Contents

Overview
Discovery
Structure
Prokaryotic
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryote
Plastoribosomes and mitoribosomes
Making use of the differences
Common properties
High-resolution structure
Function
Translation
Cotranslational folding
Addition of translation-independent amino acids
Ribosome locations
Free ribosomes
Membrane-bound ribosomes
Biogenesis
Origin
Heterogeneous ribosomes
See also
References
External links

Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. This is an energy-consuming, dynamic process, requiring the synthesis of around 200 proteins in the processing of ribosomal RNAs and assembling them with ribosomal proteins to make the ribosomes subunits.