Also known as surjection, right-total function, onto function
function such that every element of the codomain has a preimage
A surjective function is a type of mathematical relationship where every possible output value actually gets used—in other words, for every element in the codomain (the set of possible outputs), there's at least one input that produces it. This concept matters because it helps mathematicians precisely describe when a function "covers" its entire target set, which is useful in many areas of mathematics and its applications.
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Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).