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thumb|upright=1.2|Systems can be isolated, closed, or open.

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A system is a set of related parts that work together as a whole, and it can be classified based on how it exchanges energy or matter with its surroundings—isolated systems exchange nothing, closed systems exchange energy but not matter, and open systems exchange both. Understanding systems matters because this framework helps us analyze everything from chemical reactions to ecosystems to machines by clarifying what's included in our study and what can move in or out.

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Systems
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~13 min read

Article

21 sections
Contents
  • Etymology
  • History
  • Concepts
  • Environment and boundaries
  • Natural and human-made systems
  • Theoretical framework
  • Process and transformation process
  • System model
  • Systems architecture
  • Subsystem
  • Analysis
  • Economic system
  • Information and computer science
  • Engineering and physics
  • Sociology, cognitive science and management research
  • Pure logic
  • Strategic thinking
  • See also
  • References
  • Bibliography
  • External links

thumb|upright=1.2|Systems can be isolated, closed, or open.

A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

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