titanium

Also known as element 22, 22Ti

Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength that is resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine.

AI overview

Titanium is a silvery metal found in nature as an oxide that can be processed into pure form, offering an attractive combination of low weight, high strength, and excellent resistance to corrosion. Because of these properties, particularly its durability in harsh environments like seawater, titanium is a valuable material for demanding applications.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Ti
Molecular weight: 47.867 g/mol
IUPAC name: titanium
SMILES: [Ti]
InChIKey: RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

92,166 papers

Titanium mesh for bone augmentation in oral implantology: current application and progress.ReviewInternational journal of oral science · 2020Xie Y, Li S, Zhang T et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00107-z
Titanium Dioxide: Structure, Impact, and Toxicity.ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Racovita ADDOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095681
Type IV Titanium Hypersensitivity: Rare, or Rarely Detected?ReviewActa chirurgiae orthopaedicae et traumatologiae Cechoslovaca · 2023Voves J, Měrka O, Čabanová K et al.
Blood titanium level as a biomarker of orthopaedic implant wear.ReviewJournal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2019Swiatkowska I, Martin N, Hart AJDOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.02.013
Titanium corrosion products from dental implants and their effect on cells and cytokine release: A review.ReviewJournal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2024Kandaswamy E, Harsha M, Joshi VMDOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127464
Titanium dioxide.ReviewIARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans · 1989
[Progress in antibacterial coatings of titanium implants surfaces].ReviewSheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2024He X, Guo C, Liu X et al.DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202209051
Titanium--the material of choice?ReviewPeriodontology 2000 · 1998Steinemann SGDOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1998.tb00119.x

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Mass: 47.867
Image: Titan-crystal bar.JPG

Show 24 more facts

oxidation state: 3
element symbol: Ti
Commons category: Titanium
boiling point: 3286.85
atomic number: 22
Commons gallery: Titanium
time of discovery or invention: 1791-00-00
NCI Thesaurus ID: C95189
speed of sound: 5090
thermal conductivity: 21.9
tensile modulus of elasticity: 116
Poisson's ratio: 0.32
Mohs' hardness: 6
hardness: 1493
name: Ti
shear modulus: 41.4
Unicode character: 鈦
electronegativity: 1.54
specific heat capacity: 520
melting point: 1670
ionic radius: 0.74
chemical formula: Ti
electron configuration: [Ar] 3d² 4s²
OpenStreetMap tag: material=titanium

Sources (9)

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~42 min read

Article

38 sections

Contents

Characteristics
Physical properties
Chemical properties
Occurrence
Isotopes
Compounds
Oxides, sulfides, and alkoxides
Nitrides and carbides
Halides
Organometallic complexes
History
Production
Mineral beneficiation processes
Purification processes
Hunter process
Kroll process
Arkel-Boer process
Armstrong process
Other processes
Fabrication
Titanium alloys
Forming and forging
Applications
Pigments, additives, and coatings
Aerospace and marine
Industrial
Consumer and architectural
Jewelry
Medical
Anticancer therapy studies
Nuclear waste storage
Hazards and safety
Function in plants
See also
Footnotes
References
Bibliography
External links

Titanium was discovered in Cornwall, Great Britain, by William Gregor in 1791 and was named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth after the Titans of Greek mythology. The element occurs within a number of minerals, principally rutile and ilmenite, which are widely distributed in the Earth's crust and lithosphere; it is found in almost all living things, as well as bodies of water, rocks, and soils. The metal is extracted from its principal mineral ores by the Kroll and Hunter processes. The most common compound, titanium dioxide (TiO2), is a popular photocatalyst and is used in the manufacture of white pigments. Other compounds include titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), a component of smoke screens and catalysts; and titanium trichloride (TiCl3), which is used as a catalyst in the production of polypropylene.