Populated places established in the 8th century

Kyoto ( or ; Japanese: , Kyōto ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan's largest and most populous island of Honshu. , the city had a population of 1.46 million, making it the ninth-most populous city in Japan. More than half (56.8%) of Kyoto Prefecture's population resides in the city. The city is the cultural anchor of the substantially larger Greater Kyoto, a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) home to a census-estimated 3.8 million people. It is also part of the even larger Keihanshin metropolitan area, along with Osaka and Kobe.

Baghdad is the capital and largest city in Iraq. It is located on the banks of the Tigris in central Iraq. The city has an estimated population of 8 million. It ranks among the most populous and largest cities in the Middle East and the Arab world and constitutes 22% of Iraq's population. Baghdad is a primary financial and commercial center in the region.

Oxford () is a cathedral city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town.

Szczecin (; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport, the largest city of northwestern Poland, and seventh-largest city of Poland. the population was 391,566.

Poznań ( ) is a city on the River Warta in west Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business center and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John's Fair (Jarmark Świętojański), traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect. Among its most important heritage sites are the Renaissance Old Town, Town Hall and Poznań Cathedral.

Münster (; ) is an independent city (Kreisfreie Stadt) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northern part of the state and the historic capital of the Westphalia region, as well being the centre of a state district. During the Protestant Reformation, Münster was the location of the Anabaptist rebellion. Münster and Osnabrück were the sites of the signing of the Treaties of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Today, it is known as the bicycle capital of Germany.

city in Morocco

right|thumb|Santa María del Naranco (Pre-Romanesque shrine) right|thumb|San Julián de los Prados (Pre-Romanesque shrine) thumb|right|San Miguel de Lillo (Pre-Romanesque shrine) thumb|upright|right|Cathedral of San Salvador (founded in 781 AD), and the Statue of La Regenta upright|right|thumb|San Isidoro, Oviedo|San Isidoro El Real Church thumbnail|right|Monastery of Saint Pelagius|San Pelayo Monastery thumbnail|right|Building at Plaza de la Escandalera|Plaza de La Escandalera

Kunming is the capital and largest city of the province of Yunnan in China. The political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province, Kunming is also a major tourism centre in China. It is nicknamed the "City of Eternal Spring" for its year-round mild climate. During World War II, Kunming was a Chinese military center and the location of the headquarters for the US Army Forces China-Burma-British Raj. Wujiaba Airport served as the home of the First American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the Republic of China Air Force, nicknamed the Flying Tigers. Kunming was also a transport ter

pre-Columbian Maya city in Mexico

Osnabrück (; ; archaic English: Osnaburg) is a city in Lower Saxony in western Germany. It is situated on the river Hase in a valley penned between the Wiehen Hills and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest. With a population of 168,145 Osnabrück is the fourth largest city in Lower Saxony.

Fürth (; East Franconian: ) is a city in the Middle Franconia administrative region of Bavaria, Germany. It is the second-largest city in the larger Franconia region and is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only apart.

city in Nara prefecture, Japan

historic market town in Berkshire, England

Najaf is the capital city of the eponymous Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 was about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq.

Fulda (; historically in English called Fuld) is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the river Fulda and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (Kreis). In 1990 the city hosted the 30th Hessentag state festival.

Stargard (; 1945: Starogród, 1950–2016: Stargard Szczeciński; or Stargard an der Ihna; ) is a city in northwestern Poland, located in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. In 2021 it was inhabited by 67,293 people. It is situated on the Ina River. The city is the seat of the Stargard County, and, extraterritorially, of the municipality of Stargard. It is the second biggest city of Szczecin agglomeration.

Ramla (), also known as Ramle (, ), is a city in the Central District of Israel. Ramle is one of Israel's mixed cities, with significant numbers of both Jews and Arabs.

Korosten (, ), also historically known as Iskorosten (), is a historic city and a large transport hub in Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. It is located on the Uzh River. Korosten serves as the administrative center of Korosten Raion. As of January 2022, Korosten's population was approximately

Warrington () is an industrial town in Cheshire, England. The town is the main settlement of the Borough of Warrington and sits on the banks of the River Mersey, with the town centre and its suburbs north of that river historically having been part of Lancashire. It is east of Liverpool and west of Manchester.

Rudolstadt () is a town in the German federal state Thuringia, within the Thuringian Forest, to the southwest, and to Jena and Weimar to the north.

Collazzone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 25 km south of Perugia.

Valfabbrica () is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 20 km northeast of Perugia.

Ferentillo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Terni in the Italian region Umbria, located about 60 km southeast of Perugia and about 12 km northeast of Terni.

town in the region Umbria, in Italy

thumb|left|250px|Hammelburg – engraving by Matthäus Merian 1655

human settlement in Volkhovsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Russia

Ribe () is a town in south-west Jutland, Denmark, with a population of 8,367 (2025). It is the seat of the Diocese of Ribe. Until 1 January 2007, Ribe was the seat of both a surrounding municipality and county. It is now part of the enlarged Esbjerg Municipality in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the oldest town in Denmark.

island in Tanzania

thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Ommen, June 2015

Chinguetti ( ; ) is a ksar and a medieval trading center in northern Mauritania, located on the Adrar Plateau east of Atar. Chinguetti had a population of 4,800 as of 2013.

270px|thumb|Dutch Topographic map of Eersel, June 2015 Eersel, church: the Sint-Willibrorduskerk|thumb|265px

city in Patan district, Gujarat, India

Jemgum is a municipality in the Leer district, in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. The area is known as Rheiderland (German) or Reiderland (Dutch). Rheiderland is located in East Friesland.

thumb|Scale model of Heian-kyō thumb|Daidairi (, palace in the center) and the cityscape of Heian-kyō (miniature model at the Kyoto City Life-long Learning Center) was one of several former names for the city now known as Kyoto. It was the de jure capital of Japan for over one thousand years, from 794 to 1869. However, Heian-kyō was never explicitly abandoned as the capital. Today, it is said that Tokyo has effectively replaced Kyoto as the capital, but there is a viewpoint that, in theory, Kyoto still holds the position of the capital. Emperor Saga also declared that Heian-kyō would remain t

municipality in the district of Lindau, Bavaria, Germany

Cedynia (; , ) is a historic town in Poland, and the administrative seat of Gmina Cedynia in Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is situated close to the Oder river and the border with Germany. The town is known for the 972 Battle of Cedynia, the first historically recorded battle of Poland.

Faaā is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas country of France in the Pacific Ocean. Faaā is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2022 census Faaā had a population of 29,826, making it the most populous commune on Tahiti and in French Polynesia. Faaā has many mountains inland that can reach . Mount Marau is an extinct volcano in the inland limits and can be seen from nearby Moorea. The area of Faaā is above mean sea level on average.

Błonie is a town in Warsaw West County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland.

Selzen () is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

thumb|right|Chōdō-in () of Nagaoka-kyō (restoration model)

city in Morocco

Wasit (, ) was an early Islamic city in Iraq. It was founded in the 8th century by the Umayyad viceroy of Iraq, al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, to serve as the region's seat and as the garrison of the Syrian troops who enforced Umayyad rule there. It was situated between the two traditional administrative centers and garrisons of Iraq, Kufa and Basra, hence its name Wasit (). The city was abandoned centuries later and its ruins are located in the eponymous Wasit Governorate, southeast of Kut in southeastern Iraq.

thumb|Map of the London Borough of Ealing, showing the location of Northolt, one of Ealing's seven major towns

castle in Spain

Al-‘Askar () was the capital of Egypt from 750–868, when Egypt was a province of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Kaole is a national historic site located in Bagamoyo District of Pwani Region in Tanzania. The site is located 5 kilometres east of the historic city of Bagamoyo on the Indian Ocean coast. The area contains old Swahili coral stone ruins dating to a period between the 13th century and the 16th century. Some of the ruins date back to the 13th century and consist of two mosques and 30 tombs.

Palestinian village in Gaza subdistrict, depopulated in 1948