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acetone

Also known as propanone, dimethylketone, dimethyl ketone, ketone propane, 2-propanone, methyl ketone, beta-ketopropane, propan-2-one

Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula . It is the simplest and smallest ketone (). It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.

AI overview

Acetone is a colorless, flammable liquid that belongs to a class of chemicals called ketones and is commonly recognized by its strong, distinctive smell. It matters because it's the simplest ketone compound and, due to its volatility and chemical properties, is widely used in industrial and household applications.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: C3H6O
Molecular weight: 58.08 g/mol
IUPAC name: propan-2-one
SMILES: CC(=O)C
InChIKey: CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: -0.1
Polar surface area: 17.1 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 1
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

33,944 papers

Acetone as an anticonvulsant.ReviewEpilepsia · 2008Likhodii S, Nylen K, Burnham WMDOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01844.x
Measuring breath acetone for monitoring fat loss: Review.ReviewObesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2015Anderson JCDOI: 10.1002/oby.21242
Activation of Acetone and Other Simple Ketones in Anaerobic Bacteria.ReviewJournal of molecular microbiology and biotechnology · 2016Heider J, Schühle K, Frey J et al.DOI: 10.1159/000441500
[Acetone].Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 1980Henschler D
Zinc Oxide-Based Acetone Gas Sensors for Breath Analysis: A Review.ReviewChemistry, an Asian journal · 2021Drmosh QA, Olanrewaju Alade I, Qamar M et al.DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100303
Biofluorometric Acetone Gas Sensor of Sub-ppbv Level Sensitivity.Analytical chemistry · 2024Iitani K, Ishizuki N, Matsuhashi Y et al.DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03816
On the mammalian acetone metabolism: from chemistry to clinical implications.ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta · 2003Kalapos MPDOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(03)00051-5
Acetone.Journal of environmental health · 2001

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Mass: 58.042
Image: Sample of Acetone.jpg
Autonomy: 465

Show 23 more facts

Commons category: Acetone
chemical formula: C₃H₆O
melting point: -95
density: 0.7902
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0004
ionization energy: 9.69
speed of sound: 1203
immediately dangerous to life or health: 5950
boiling point: 56.05
vapor pressure: 180
flash point: 0
lower flammable limit: 2.5
upper flammable limit: 12.8
time-weighted average exposure limit: 600
median lethal dose (LD50): 5340
minimal lethal dose: 1159
short-term exposure limit: 1500
canonical SMILES: CC(=O)C
standard enthalpy of formation: -216.50
refractive index: 1.3588
molar fusion enthalpy: 5.69
pKa: 19.16
electric dipole moment: 2.88

Sources (9)

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~17 min read

Article

21 sections

Contents

Name
History
Production
Occurrence
Chemical properties
Photochemistry
Catabolism
Uses
Chemical intermediate
Solvent
Lab and domestic solvent
Biology
Medical
Atmospheric chemistry
Safety
Toxicity
EPA classification
Abiotic sources
References
Notes
Further reading

Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in industry, home, and laboratory. About 6.7 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and for production of methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A, which are precursors to widely used plastics. It is a common building block in organic chemistry. It serves as a solvent in household products such as nail polish remover and paint thinner. It has volatile organic compound (VOC)-exempt status in the United States.