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acetonitrile

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acetonitrile

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Also known as cyanomethane, ethyl nitrile, methyl cyanide, ACN, ethanenitrile, methanecarbonitrile

Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula and structure . This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene. The skeleton is linear with a short distance of .

Chemical data

Formula
C2H3N
Molecular weight
41.05 g/mol
IUPAC name
acetonitrile
SMILES
CC#N
InChIKey
WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP
0
Polar surface area
23.8 Ų
H-bond donors
0
H-bond acceptors
1
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

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Encyclopedic overview

9 sections
Contents
  • Applications
  • Organic synthesis
  • As an electron pair donor
  • Production
  • Safety
  • Toxicity
  • Metabolism and excretion
  • See also
  • References

Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula and structure . This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene. The skeleton is linear with a short distance of .

Acetonitrile was first prepared in 1847 by the French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “acetonitrile” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.