Baghlan Province

Baghlan (Dari: ولایت بغلان, romanized: Wilāyat-e Baghlān and Pashto: د بغلان ولایت, romanized: Da Baghlān Wilāyat) is one of the northern provinces of Afghanistan. It is bordered by Samangan to the west, Kunduz to the northeast, Takhar to the east, Bamyan to the southwest, and Parwan and Panjshir to the south. The provincial capital is Pul-e Khumri, which functions as the main administrative, economic, and population center of the province.

Covering an area of approximately 21,100 square kilometers and having an estimated population of about 1.1 million people (as of 2025), Baghlan is characterized by a varied physical geography. The northern part of the province consists largely of fertile plains suitable for intensive agriculture, while the southern part is dominated by mountainous terrain associated with the eastern extensions of the Hindu Kush. Several rivers and tributaries belonging to the Kunduz River basin traverse the province and play a central role in agricultural production, settlement distribution, and local water management.