error function

Also known as erf, Gauss error function

sigmoid shape special function which occurs in probability, statistics and partial differential equations

General definition: erf ⁡ ( z ) = 2 π ∫ 0 z e − t 2 d t {\displaystyle \operatorname {erf} (z)={\frac {2}{\sqrt {\pi }}}\int _{0}^{z}e^{-t^{2}}\,dt}
Fields of application: Probability, thermodynamics, digital communications
Domain: C {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} }
Image: ( − 1 , 1 ) {\displaystyle \left(-1,1\right)}
Parity: Odd
Derivative: d d z erf ⁡ ( z ) = 2 π e − z 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {d}{dz}}\operatorname {erf} (z)={\frac {2}{\sqrt {\pi }}}e^{-z^{2}}}
Antiderivative: ∫ erf ⁡ ( z ) d z = z erf ⁡ ( z ) + e − z 2 π + C {\displaystyle \int \operatorname {erf} (z)\,dz=z\operatorname {erf} (z)+{\frac {e^{-z^{2}}}{\sqrt {\pi }}}+C}