Kingdom of Northumbria

Also known as Norþanhymbra, Northumbria

Northumbria was an early medieval English kingdom, existing between 654 and 1066 AD, spanning modern-day Northern England and Southern Scotland.

AI overview

Northumbria was a powerful early medieval English kingdom that covered what is now Northern England and Southern Scotland, lasting from 654 to 1066 AD. It represents an important period in English history when the island was divided into competing Anglo-Saxon kingdoms before England unified into a single nation.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Former country.status_text: Unified: Anglian kingdom (until 867; 872–876; 877–883; 910– 918)Earldom of England (954–1066)North:Puppet state of the Danes (867–872)Independent Anglian kingdom (883–910)Autonomous territory under English overlordship (927–1066)South (Scandinavian York):Danish kingdom (867–872; 876–877; 883– 910; 918–927; 939–944; 947–954)Autonomous territory under English overlordship (927–939; 944–947) Centre:Danish kingdom (867–872; 876–877; Ecclesiastical principality: 883–1836)
Former country.image_map: Map of the Kingdom of Northumbria around 700 AD.svg
Former country.image_map_size: 250
Former country.image_map_caption: Northumbria at its greatest extent around 700
Former country.government_type: Monarchy
Former country.year_start: 654
Former country.year_end: 1066
Former country.event_end: Norman Conquest
Former country.event_start: Union of the crowns of Bernicia and Deira
Former country.event1: Deira is conquered by Vikings

~34 min read

Article

39 sections

Contents

Kingdom (654–954)
Communities and divisions
Possible Celtic British origins
Unification of Bernicia and Deira
Northumbria and Norse settlement
Kings
Æthelfrith (r. 593–616)
Edwin (r. 616–633)
Oswald (r. 634–642)
Oswiu (r. 642–670)
Eadberht (r. 738–758)
80 years hiatus of weakly attested kings
Halfdan Ragnarsson (r. 876–877)
Æthelstan of Wessex (r. 927–939)
Eric of York (r. 947–948, 952–954)
Eadred of Wessex (r. 946–954)
Politics and war
Ealdormen and earldoms of Northumbria
Religion
Roman and post-Roman Britain
Conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity
Monasteries and figures of note
Synod of Whitby
Impact of Scandinavian raiding, settlement and culture
Culture
Golden Age of Northumbria
Insular art
Literature
Scandinavians and the Danelaw
Economy
Language
See also
Footnotes
Citations
Sources
Primary sources
Secondary sources
Further reading
External links

Northumbria was an early medieval English kingdom, existing between 654 and 1066 AD, spanning modern-day Northern England and Southern Scotland.

The name derives from the Old English meaning "the people or province north of the Humber", as opposed to the people south of the Humber Estuary. What was to become Northumbria started as two kingdoms, Deira in the south and Bernicia in the north. Conflict in the first half of the seventh century ended with the murder of the last king of Deira in 651, and Northumbria was thereafter unified under Bernician kings.