Patuleia

The Patuleia, Guerra da Patuleia, or Little Civil War was a civil war in Portugal in 1846-47, so called to distinguish it from the 'great' civil war between Pedro IV and Miguel I (1828-1834). The Patuleia occurred after the Revolution of Maria da Fonte, and was closely associated with her. It was caused by the nomination, as a result of the palace coup of 6 October 1846, known as the "Emboscada", to set up a clearly Cartista government presided over by marshal João Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha.

The war lasted eight months, pitting the Cartistas (with the support of Queen Maria II) against an unnatural coalition of Septembrists and Miguelists. The focus of resistance to the new government was the Septembrist 'Junta of Porto', whose military leader, the First Count of Bonfim, was defeated by Marshal Saldanha at the siege of Torres Vedras on 22–23 December 1846, and sent into exile in Angola. Following the intervention of foreign military forces of the Quadruple Alliance, the war ended in a clear Cartista victory, resulting in the signing of the Convention of Gramido on 30 June 1847.