Also known as Philip the Handsome, Philip the Fair, Philip IV of Burgundy, Philip I of Spain
King of Castile (1506), Ruler of Habsburg Netherlands (1482-1506)
Philip I was a late medieval European king who ruled the wealthy kingdom of Castile in Spain starting in 1506, and also controlled the prosperous Habsburg Netherlands from 1482 to 1506. He mattered because his rule connected two major powers of the time and his descendants would go on to control vast European and colonial territories, shaping history for centuries to come.
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Philip the Handsome (22 June/July 1478 – 25 September 1506), also called Philip the Fair, was ruler of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, including the counties of Artois, Burgundy and Charolais from 1493, and the first king of Castile from the House of Habsburg in 1506.
Philip was the son of Maximilian I of Austria and Mary of Burgundy. Maximilian was a prince of the House of Habsburg who became Holy Roman emperor. Mary was the daughter of Charles the Bold and heiress of the wealthy and extensive complex of domains that made up Valois Burgundy, including the Burgundian Netherlands. In 1482, at the age of three, Philip's mother died and he inherited her titles and domains. As a result, he became the first Habsburg ruler of the Netherlands. Although his inheritance was, in part, challenged by the French king Louis XI, it was largely confirmed by the Treaty of Arras (1482) and the Treaty of Senlis (1493). Despite his young age, Philip quickly proved himself an effective ruler beloved by his people in the Low Countries, pursuing policies that favored peace and economic development, while maintaining a steady course of the government building.
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