Philip II of Spain
Also known as Felipe II, Philip II, Philip I of Portugal
King of Spain, Portugal, Naples and Sicily; King consort of England, lived 1527-1598
AI overview
Philip II was a powerful European monarch who ruled Spain, Portugal, Naples, and Sicily during the 16th century, and was also king consort of England through marriage. He was one of the most influential rulers of his era and his reign shaped European politics, religion, and global exploration during a transformative historical period.
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Person · Open Library
- Born
- 1527
- Died
- 1598
- Works
- 66
Top works
- Articulen ende conditie[n] vanden pays ende eeuwighe aliantie besloten tusschen ... Philips ... Coningh van Spaengien, etc. ende Henrick de vierde ... Coningh van Vranckrijck, in't jaer 1598
- Waerachtighe antwoorde op de opene brieven ende bedrieghelicke persuasien van Don Jan van Oostenrijck ghegeven te Heure den xv. dach van Sporckelle M. D. LXXVIII
- Responce veritable aux lettres patentes et persuasions abusives de Don Ian d'Austrice, donnees à Heure le xv. iour de feburier M. D. LXXVIII
- Die blyde incomste den hertochdom van Brabant in voortyden by harenlantsheeren verleent ende van Keyser Carolus den V. gheconfirmeert ende by Philippus zijnen zoone Coninck van Hispanien solemnelijck ghesworen. Anno 1549
- Translaet van de brieffven van gratie ende pardoen generael byder co. maiesteyt gegeven ter zaken vande voirledene troublen
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Article
Philip II (21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598), sometimes known in Spain as Philip the Prudent (Spanish: Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. He was also jure uxoris King of England and Ireland from his marriage to Queen Mary I in 1554 until her death in 1558. Further, he was Duke of Milan from 1540. From 1555, he was Lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands.
The son of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal, Philip inherited his father's Spanish Empire in 1556, and succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1580 following a dynastic crisis, forming the Iberian Union. The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire and of the Philippines, named in his honour by Ruy López de Villalobos, were completed during his reign. He finished building the royal palace El Escorial in 1584. Under Philip II, Spain reached the height of its influence and power, advancing into the Spanish Golden Age, and ruled territories in every continent then known to Europeans. Deeply devout, Philip saw himself as the defender of Catholic Europe against the Ottoman Empire and the Protestant Reformation, and invested Spain's position as the leading European power in multiple simultaneous warring efforts.
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1527 births1598 deaths16th-century Aragonese monarchs16th-century Castilian monarchs16th-century counts of Flanders16th-century counts of Hainaut16th-century dukes of Brabant16th-century dukes of Limburg16th-century dukes of Milan16th-century English monarchs16th-century House of Habsburg16th-century Irish monarchs