Pyrus

European mountain ash

Pyrus

GENUS

1. KingdomPlantae
2. PhylumTracheophyta
3. ClassMagnoliopsida
4. OrderRosales
5. FamilyRosaceae

Native toAfghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Amur, Assam, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, China North-Central

Observations92,736

Observations recorded400,185

梨是梨属（学名：Pyrus）植物的通称，通常是一种落叶乔木或灌木，极少数品种为常绿，属于蔷薇目蔷薇科苹果族。叶片多呈卵形，大小因品种不同而各异。花为白色，或略带黄色、粉红色，有五瓣。果实形状有圆形的，也有基部较细尾部较粗的，即俗称的“梨形”；不同品种的果皮颜色大相径庭，有黄色、绿色、黄中带绿、绿中带黄、黄褐色、绿褐色、红褐色、褐色，个别品种亦有紫红色；野生梨的果径较小，在1到4厘米之间，而人工培植的品种果径可达8厘米，长度可达18厘米。 梨的果实通常用来食用，不仅味美汁多，甜中带酸，而且营养丰富，含有多种维生素和纤维素，不同種類的梨味道和質感都完全不同。梨既可生食，也可蒸煮后食用。在医疗功效上，梨可以通便秘，利消化，对心血管也有好处。加熱的梨汁含有大量的抗癌物質多酚，給注射過致癌物質的小白鼠喝這樣的梨汁，白鼠尿液中就能排出大量的1-羥基芘毒素，從而有效預防癌症。除了作为水果食用以外，梨还可以作观赏之用。

via GBIF · Kew POWO

• Phosphorylated transcription factor PuHB40 mediates ROS-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear exposed to high light.The Plant cell · 2024Zhang L, Wang L, Fang Y et al.DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae167
• PearMODB: a multiomics database for pear (Pyrus) genomics, genetics and breeding study.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2023Hu J, Huang B, Yin H et al.DOI: 10.1093/database/baad050
• Enhanced Valsa canker resistance conferred by expression of MdLecRK-S.4.3 in Pyrus betulifolia is largely suppressed by PbePUB36.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Sun E, Yu H, Chen Z et al.DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad126
• Pyrus pyrifolia WRKY31 activates the ribosomal protein gene RPL12 to confer black spot resistance.Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology · 2025Cheng X, Xing C, Zhang F et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112487
• Fruit Characteristics of Transgenic pear (Pyrus communis L.) Trees During Long-Term Field Trials.Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2023Lebedev VDOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01076-4
• In vitro mycorrhization of pear (Pyrus communis).Mycorrhiza · 2019Lotfi M, Fernandez K, Vermeir P et al.DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00919-w
• Overexpression of Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) CAD2 in Tomato Affects Lignin Content.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Li M, Cheng C, Zhang X et al.DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142595
• Characterization of Dof family in Pyrus bretschneideri and role of PbDof9.2 in flowering time regulation.Genomics · 2020Liu X, Liu Z, Hao Z et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.05.005

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Pears.jpg

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