UNIX

Also known as UnICS, Uniplexed Information and Computing System, Uniplexed Information and Computing Service

Unix (, ; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, the development of which started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. Initially intended for use inside the Bell System, AT&T licensed Unix to outside parties in the late 1970s, leading to a variety of both academic and commercial Unix variants from vendors including University of California, Berkeley (BSD), Microsoft (Xenix), Sun Microsystems (SunOS/Solaris), HP/HPE (HP-UX), and IBM (AIX).

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Key facts

OS.name: Unix
OS.logo: UNIX logo.svg
OS.logo_alt: Unix logo with text: UNIX® An Open Group Standard
OS.logo_size: 220px
OS.screenshot: Simh-pdp11-unix-sysiii.png
OS.screenshot_size: 250px
OS.caption: UNIX System III running on a PDP-11 simulator
OS.developer: Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Brian Kernighan, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna at Bell Labs
OS.programmed_in: C and assembly language
OS.family: Unix
OS.source_model: Historically proprietary software, while some Unix projects (including BSD family and Illumos) are open-source and historical Unix source code is archived.
OS.released: Development started in 1969First manual published internally in Announced outside Bell Labs in
OS.language: English
OS.kernel_type: Varies; monolithic, microkernel, hybrid
OS.influenced_by: CTSS, Multics
OS.ui: Command-line interface and Graphical (Wayland and X Window System; Android SurfaceFlinger; macOS Quartz)
OS.license: Varies; some versions are proprietary, others are free/libre or open-source software