Q151102

Picture of the Day · NASA

Pathfinder on Mars

2026-07-04

On July 4th, 1997, using its own array of fireworks, a parachute, and a cocoon of airbags, the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft bounced like a giant beach ball at least 15 times before it came to rest on the surface of Mars at 10:07 AM Pacific Daylight Time. After its then novel airbag-assisted landing sequence was completed, Pathfinder transmitted this color mosaic to mission operators on Earth. In the scene from another world, the Mars Sojourner robot rover is visible in the foreground, crouched on top of the unfolded Pathfinder. About the size of a large house cat, the six-wheeled, solar-powered Sojourner became the first successful Martian rover. Surrounding Pathfinder are deflated airbags and the rock-strewn terrain of the Ares Vallis floodplain. In the distance Martian hills appear against a dusty brownish sky. The Pathfinder lander was subsequently renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station.

via NASA APOD

Key facts

Discovered by

Johann Palisa

Discovery date

25 February 1892

Pronunciation

/ b æ m ˈ b ɜːr ɡ ə /

Named after

Bamberg

Minor planet category

Main belt

Adjectives

Bambergian / b æ m ˈ b ɜːr dʒ i ə n , - ɡ i ə n /

Observation arc

124.08 yr (45321 d)

Aphelion

3.59442 AU (537.718 Gm )

Perihelion

1.77023 AU (264.823 Gm)

Semi major axis

2.68232 AU (401.269 Gm)

Orbital period sidereal

4.39 yr (1604.6 d )

Mean anomaly

225.419 °

Mean motion

0° 13 27.682 / day

Inclination

11.1011°

Longitude of ascending node

327.883°

Argument of perihelion

44.2409°

Mean diameter

227 ± 3 km , 234.67 ± 7.80 km , 229.4 ± 7.4 km ( IRAS )

Mass

(10.2 ± 0.9) × 10 kg , 11 × 10 kg , (10.3 ± 1.0) × 10 kg

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Diameter

220.691

Mass

11

Orbital period

1604.636834201906

Image

324 Bamberga.gif

via Wikidata · CC0