Solanaceae

Also known as nightshade family, nightshades

Solanaceae (), commonly known as the nightshades, is a family of flowering plants in the order Solanales. The family contains approximately 2,700 species, several of which are used as agricultural crops, medicinal plants, and ornamental plants. Many members of the family have high alkaloid contents, making some highly toxic, but many—such as tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, and peppers—are commonly used in food.

AI overview

The Solanaceae family, commonly called nightshades, is a large group of flowering plants containing about 2,700 species, many of which contain alkaloid compounds that can be toxic. Despite this, the family includes some of the world's most important food crops—like tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, and eggplants—as well as plants used in medicine and ornamental gardening.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Species

nachtschadefamilie

Solanaceae

FAMILY

KingdomPlantae
PhylumTracheophyta
ClassMagnoliopsida
OrderSolanales
FamilySolanaceae

Habitatbrackish

Observations recorded4,165,496

茄科（学名：Solanaceae）是真双子叶植物茄目的一科，对于人类是非常重要的一类植物，提供给人类许多种食物和药物。茄科植物一般都含有不同量的生物碱，对人类具有一定的毒性，根据其生物碱含量的多少，有的品种可以作为食物，有的品种可以作为药物。其中最重要的品种有马铃薯、茄子、番茄、辣椒、枸杞等，此外如矮牵牛、曼陀罗都是著名的花卉；颠茄、曼陀罗也是提炼药物的原料；烟草更是最為廣泛使用的毒品。美洲原住民印第安人为人类培育了多个重要的经济作物，其中比较著名的马铃薯、番茄、辣椒、烟草都属于茄科。该科属于茄目，在菊类植物组和木兰纲（双子叶植物）。茄科包括大约98属和大约2700种，具有非常多样化的栖息地，形态和生态。茄科植物大部分为草本或灌木，只有少数为乔木，叶互生，有单叶也有羽状复叶，花5基数。茄科植物分布在全世界的温带和热带地区，但在美洲的热带地区种类最多，许多重要的品种都是美洲印第安人培育出来的。在中国有24个属和大约115种。除了烟草（Nicotiana tabacum，Nicotianoideae）和矮牵牛（Petunia × hybrida，Petunioideae）之外，大多数经济上重要的属都包含在亚科茄亚科中。许多茄科物种被用作调查在细胞学的，分子学的和遗传学水平上的基础生物学问题的模式生物，例如烟草和矮牵牛。

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Research

77,953 papers

Flower Development in the Solanaceae.ReviewMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Monniaux M, Vandenbussche MDOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_2
Androgenesis in Solanaceae.ReviewMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2016Seguí-Simarro JMDOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3061-6_9
Alkaloid evolution in the Solanaceae.ReviewCurrent opinion in plant biology · 2025Pérez-Mesa PA, Roda FDOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102727
Molecular mechanisms of self-incompatibility in Brassicaceae and Solanaceae.ReviewProceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences · 2024Murase K, Takayama S, Isogai ADOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.014
Proteomics survey of Solanaceae family: Current status and challenges ahead.ReviewJournal of proteomics · 2017Ghatak A, Chaturvedi P, Paul P et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.05.016
Advances in understanding the interaction between Solanaceae NLR resistance proteins and the viral effector Avr.ReviewPlant signaling & behavior · 2024Wei J, Li Y, Chen X et al.DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2382497
Deciphering the evolutionary development of the "Chinese lantern" within Solanaceae.ReviewPlanta · 2024Wu L, Liu Q, Gou W et al.DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04535-7
Family ties: Root-root communication within Solanaceae.Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology · 2024de Oliveira MMT, Ko AN, Obersteiner S et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112203

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Wikidata facts

Image: Brugmansia lg.jpg

Show 6 more facts

taxon name: Solanaceae
Commons category: Solanaceae
GRIN URL: npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomyfamily.aspx?id=1043
taxon common name: 茄科
start time: 52000000-0
Montana Plant Life URL: montana.plant-life.org/cgi-bin/family03.cgi?Solanaceae

Sources (3)

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~32 min read

Article

22 sections

Contents

Etymology
Description
Diversity of characteristics
Taxonomy
Evolution
Origin
Dispersion and diversification
Phylogeny
Distribution and habitat
Ecology
Alkaloids
Solanine
Tropanes
Nicotine
Capsaicin
Economic importance
Genomics
Notes
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Originating in South America, Solanaceae now inhabit every continent on Earth except Antarctica. After the K–Pg extinction event they rapidly diversified and have adapted to live in deserts, tundras, rainforests, plains, and highlands, and taken on wide range of forms including trees, vines, shrubs, and epiphytes. Nearly 80% of all nightshades are included in the subfamily Solanoideae, most of which are members of the type genus Solanum. Most taxonomists recognize six other subfamilies: Cestroideae, Goetzeoideae, Nicotianoideae, Petunioideae, Schizanthoideae, and Schwenkioideae, although nightshade taxonomy is still controversial. The genus Duckeodendron is sometimes placed in its own subfamily, Duckeodendroideae.