File:TomateSanMarzano.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
tomato
Sign in to saveAlso known as Solanum lycopersicum, garden tomato, love apple, tomato plant
The tomato (, ; Solanum lycopersicum) is a plant whose fruit is an edible berry that is eaten as a vegetable. The tomato is a member of the nightshade family that includes tobacco, potato, and chili peppers. It originated from western South America, and may have been domesticated there, in Mexico, or in Central America. The Spanish introduced tomatoes to Eurasia in the Columbian exchange in the 16th century.
The tomato is a plant that produces an edible berry commonly eaten as a vegetable, and it belongs to the nightshade family along with potatoes, chili peppers, and tobacco. Originally from western South America, tomatoes were brought to Europe and Asia by Spanish explorers in the 16th century, making them now widely consumed across the world.
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Species
Carolina horsenettle
species
Solanum lycopersicum Etapes de floraison, fructification et maturation d'une tomate. La tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) est une espèce de plantes herbacées du genre Solanum de la famille des Solanacées, originaire du Nord-Ouest de l'Amérique du Sud[1], largement cultivée pour son fruit. Le terme désigne aussi ce fruit charnu. La tomate se consomme comme un légume-fruit, crue ou cuite. Elle est devenue un élément incontournable de la gastronomie dans de nombreux pays, et tout particulièrement dans le bassin méditerranéen. L'espèce compte quelques variétés botaniques, dont la « tomate-cerise » et plusieurs milliers de variétés cultivées (cultivars identifiés par des appellations ou des marques commerciales). La plante est cultivée en plein champ ou sous abri par les agriculteurs et les horticulteurs sous presque toutes les latitudes, sur une superficie d'environ trois millions d'hectares. La tomate a donné lieu au développement d'une importante industrie de transformation, pour la fabrication de concentré, de sauce tomate, notamment de sauce ketchup, de jus de légumes et de conserves. De grande importance économique, elle est l'objet de nombreuses recherches scientifiques. Elle est
via · Kew POWO
Key facts
- Genome.taxId
- GCF_000188115.5
- Genome.specimen
- Heinz 1706
- Genome.ploidy
- haploid
- Genome.chromosomes
- 12
- Genome.size
- 827.4 Mb
- Genome.genes
- 31,217
- Genome.protein coding
- 25,557
- Genome.year
- 2018
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
- Image
- European tomates from Ivory Coast 01.jpg
Show 10 more facts
- taxon name
- Solanum lycopersicum
- Commons category
- Solanum lycopersicum
- Commons gallery
- Solanum lycopersicum
- taxon common name
- راڠم
- short name
- помідор
- Unicode character
- 🍅
- sequenced genome URL
- plants.ensembl.org/Solanum_lycopersicum
- taxon author citation
- L.
- external data available at URL
- www.gbif.org/dataset/31dc1507-a6e1-4233-a8df-c7a78596a7e4
Sources (10)
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Article
40 sectionsContents
- Naming
- Etymology
- Pronunciation
- History
- Mesoamerica
- Spanish distribution
- China
- Italy
- Britain
- Middle East
- United States
- Botany
- Description
- Phylogeny
- Taxonomy
- Plant breeding
- Genetics
- Commercial breeding
- Cultivation
- Hydroponic and greenhouse cultivation
- Picking and ripening
- Production
- Pests and diseases
- Pests
- Diseases
- As food
- Culinary
- Storage
- Nutrition
- Effects on health
- Toxins
- ''Salmonella'' outbreaks
- In popular culture
- Celebrations
- Fruit or vegetable
- See also
- References
- Sources
- Further reading
- External links
The tomato (, ; Solanum lycopersicum) is a plant whose fruit is an edible berry that is eaten as a vegetable. The tomato is a member of the nightshade family that includes tobacco, potato, and chili peppers. It originated from western South America, and may have been domesticated there, in Mexico, or in Central America. The Spanish introduced tomatoes to Eurasia in the Columbian exchange in the 16th century.
Tomato plants are vines, largely annual, and vulnerable to frost, though sometimes living longer in greenhouses. The flowers are able to self-fertilize. Modern varieties have been bred to ripen uniformly red, in a process that has impaired the fruit's sweetness and flavor. There are thousands of cultivars, varying in size, color, shape, and flavor. Tomatoes are attacked by many insect pests and nematodes and are subject to diseases caused by viruses, mildew, and blight fungi.
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