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A solid is a state of matter where material has a fixed shape and volume, with its particles tightly packed and held in place by strong forces between them. Solids are important because they make up most of the objects we interact with daily, from the food we eat to the structures we live and work in.
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Article · 中文
固體( 英語:solid )是物質存在的一種狀態,是四種基本物质状态之一。與液體和氣體相比,固體有固定的體積及形狀,形狀也不會隨著容器形狀而改變。固體的質地較液體及氣體堅硬,固體的原子之間有緊密的結合。固體可能是晶体,其空間排列是有規則的晶格排列(例如金屬及冰),也可能是無定形體,在空間上是不規則的排列(例如玻璃)。一般而言,固体是宏观物体,一个物体要达到一定的大小才能夠被称为固体,但是对其大小無明确的规定。 物理學中研究固體的分支稱為固体物理学,是凝聚态物理学的主要分支之一。材料科学探討各種常見固體的物理及化學特性。固體化學研究固體結構、性質、合成、表徵等的一門化學分支,也和一些固體材料的化學合成有關。
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