Spiranthes
Spiranthes is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, '''ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses'. The genus is distributed in the Americas, Eurasia, and Australia. The genus name Spiranthes is derived from the Greek speira ("coil") and anthos ("flower"), and was inspired by the spirally arranged inflorescence. thumb|Spiranthes spiralis''
Species
lady's-tresses
GENUS
- KingdomPlantae
- PhylumTracheophyta
- ClassLiliopsida
- OrderAsparagales
- FamilyOrchidaceae
Native toAfghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Algeria, Altay, Amur, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam
Observations7,649
綬草屬（学名：Spiranthes），是蘭科蘭亞科地生兰。 目录 1 分布 2 特征 3 分类 4 物种 5 物種和杂交种的劃分 6 参考文献 7 外部链接 分布 綬草屬分布非常广泛，几乎是连续分布，常见於北半球温带地区，包括欧洲、北非、澳大利亚、新几内亚、美国以及加勒比地区。綬草屬在某些地方是濒危的，但在其大部分分布区中都是一种很常见的野草。它们生长於草甸、牧场、热带草原、森林等环境中，能适应酸性土壤以及石灰土。 特征 株高12－38厘米，多年生，束状、块茎状或偶为纤维质的肉质根。叶基生，偶为茎生，形状各异，宽卵形、椭圆形或花期无叶。 花梗有叶状鞘，茎直立，盘旋，这也是学名Spiranthes的来源，意思为“盘旋”。花梗上长有连续的苞片。花倒垂，管状，盘旋排列，顶端穗状明显或不明显，花色为白色、淡黄色或粉色（仅绶草）。 分类 此属在分类学上有过很多变化，最早曾包含绶草亚族的所有物种。1920年，Schlechter将此属分为24属， 而Williams在1951年和Schweinfurth在1958年将此属物种的数目大幅增加。最终，D. Szlachetko在经过很多研究後，於1990将此属分为多个属，包含3个亚族。在所有的分类学变化中，只有庭园绶草（Spiranthes parksii）这一个物种在分类上从未改变。 物种 夏绶草 Spiranthes aestivalis (Poir.) Rich. (1817) : Summer-flowering Spiranthes (Western & Central Europe to NW. Africa) Spiranthes angustilabris J.J.Sm. (1913) (New Guinea) Spiranthes brevilabris Lindl. (1840) : Texas Ladies'-tresses (SE. U.S.A. to East Texas) Spiranthes brevilabris var. brevilabris Spiranthes brevilabris var. floridana (Wherry) Luer (1972). Spiranthes casei Catling & Cruise (1974 publ. 1975) : Case's ladies'-tresses (Eastern Canada to NE. U.S.A.) Spiranthes casei var. casei Spiranthes casei var. novaescotiae Catling (1981) (Nova Scotia) 俯花绶草 Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. (1817) : Nodding Ladies'-tr
Article
6 sectionsContents
- Description
- Taxonomy and naming
- Species list
- Ecology
- Pollination
- References
Spiranthes is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, '''ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses'. The genus is distributed in the Americas, Eurasia, and Australia. The genus name Spiranthes is derived from the Greek speira ("coil") and anthos ("flower"), and was inspired by the spirally arranged inflorescence. thumb|Spiranthes spiralis
== Description == These are perennial herbs growing from fleshy root systems that range from slender to tuberous, and are occasionally stoloniferous. Most of the leaves are basal, but some species have leaves higher on the stem before the inflorescence matures, often taking the form of a sheath around the stem. The inflorescence is a terminal spike with flowers arranged in a characteristic loose or dense spiral. As in most other orchids, the flowers are resupinate, twisting during development into an upside-down position. The six tepals may be separate, or the three upper may be joined to form a hood over the lip petal. The lip is thin to somewhat fleshy, and two basal glands produce nectar. The flowers are usually white, cream, ivory, or yellowish, and two species have pink flowers; a few are also fragrant.