viscosity

When two fluid layers move relative to each other, a friction force develops between them and the slower layer acts to slow down the faster layer. This internal resistance to flow is described by the fluid property called viscosity, which reflects the internal stickiness of the fluid. In liquids, viscosity arises from cohesive molecular forces, while in gases it results from molecular collisions. Except for the case of superfluidity, there is no fluid with zero viscosity, and thus all fluid flows involve viscous effects to some degree.

AI overview

Viscosity is a fluid's internal resistance to flow—essentially how "sticky" or thick a fluid is, caused by friction between moving layers of the fluid. This property matters because it affects how all fluids behave when they move, from how easily oil pours to how air flows around objects.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Key facts

Physical quantity.bgcolour: {red}
Physical quantity.name: Viscosity
Physical quantity.image: Viscosities|300px
Physical quantity.caption: A simulation of liquids with different viscosities. The liquid on the left has lower viscosity than the liquid on the right.
Physical quantity.unit of dynamic viscosity: Pa·s = (N·s)/m2 = kg/(s·m)
Physical quantity.symbols: ,
Physical quantity.dimension: \mathsf{M} \mathsf{L}^{-1} \mathsf{T}^{-1}

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Research

94,562 papers

On the universality of viscosity in supersaturated binary aqueous sugar solutions: Cryopreservation by vitrification.ReviewCryobiology · 2024Ruiz-Matus S, Goldstein PDOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104886
Surface Viscosity-Dependent Neurite Initiation in Cortical Neurons.Advanced biology · 2022Kao SH, Liang SY, Cheng PL et al.DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101325
Porcine bile viscosity is proportional to density.Biorheology · 2020Minh NN, Obara HDOI: 10.3233/BIR-190238
Viscosity Prediction of High-Concentration Antibody Solutions with Atomistic Simulations.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2023Prass TM, Garidel P, Blech M et al.DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00947
Solution viscosity regulates chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype during 3D culture.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2019Lee K, Chen Y, Li X et al.DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02204j
Understanding the mechanism of high viscosity food delaying gastric emptying.Food & function · 2024Liu W, Jin W, Wilde PJ et al.DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00319e
Viscosity and mixing properties of artificial saliva and four different mouthwashes.Biorheology · 2020Hinic S, Petrovic B, Kojic S et al.DOI: 10.3233/BIR-201008
Viscosity Landscape of Phase-Separated Lipid Membrane Estimated from Fluid Velocity Field.Biophysical journal · 2020Sakuma Y, Kawakatsu T, Taniguchi T et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.01.009

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Wikidata facts

Image: Honey from jar.jpg

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Commons category: Viscosity
quantity symbol (string): μ

Sources (6)

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~52 min read

Article

38 sections

Contents

Etymology
Definitions
Dynamic viscosity{{anchor|Dynamic viscosity}}
{\rm Pa{\cdot}s}
Kinematic viscosity
\mathrm {\frac {J}{kg} {\cdot}s}
General definition
Momentum transport
Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids
In solids
Measurement
Units
Molecular origins
Pure gases
Elementary calculation of viscosity for a dilute gas
Chapman–Enskog theory
Bulk viscosity
Pure liquids
Mixtures and blends
Gaseous mixtures
Blends of liquids
Solutions and suspensions
Aqueous solutions
Suspensions
Amorphous materials
Eddy viscosity
Prediction
Selected substances
Water
Air
Other common substances
Order of magnitude estimates
See also
References
Footnotes
Citations
Sources
External links

{{Infobox Physical quantity | bgcolour = {red} | name = Viscosity | image = Viscosities|300px | caption = A simulation of liquids with different viscosities. The liquid on the left has lower viscosity than the liquid on the right. | unit of dynamic viscosity = Pa·s = (N·s)/m2 = kg/(s·m) | symbols = , | derivations = | dimension = \mathsf{M} \mathsf{L}^{-1} \mathsf{T}^{-1} }}