File:Xanthin_-_Xanthine.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
xanthine
Sign in to saveXanthine ( or , from Ancient Greek for its yellowish-white appearance; archaically xanthic acid; systematic name 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione) is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids, as well as in other organisms. Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.
Chemical data
- Formula
- C5H4N4O2
- Molecular weight
- 152.11 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione
- SMILES
- C1=NC2=C(N1)C(=O)NC(=O)N2
- InChIKey
- LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- -0.7
- Polar surface area
- 86.9 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 3
- H-bond acceptors
- 3
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
111,475 papers- Xanthine oxidase: biochemistry, distribution and physiology.Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum · 1986
- Xanthine oxidoreductase. Biochemical, biological and pathogenic functions.Sbornik lekarsky · 1994
- Targeting ryanodine receptors with allopurinol and xanthine derivatives for the treatment of cardiac and musculoskeletal weakness disorders.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
- Decoding Xanthine Derivatives: Advanced Analytical, Extraction, and Quantification Techniques in Pharma and Biofluids - A Comprehensive Review.Critical reviews in analytical chemistry · 2026
- Flavoprotein structure and mechanism. 4. Xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 1995
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Mass
- 152.033
Show 3 more facts
- chemical formula
- C₅H₄N₄O₂
- Commons category
- Xanthine
- canonical SMILES
- C1=NC2=C(N1)C(=O)NC(=O)N2
via Wikidata · CC0
~5 min read
Article
8 sectionsContents
- Use and production
- Clinical significance
- Toxicity
- Pharmacology
- Pathology
- Possible formation in absence of life
- See also
- References
Xanthine ( or , from Ancient Greek for its yellowish-white appearance; archaically xanthic acid; systematic name 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione) is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids, as well as in other organisms. Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.
Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation. It is created from guanine by guanine deaminase. It is created from hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidoreductase. It is also created from xanthosine by purine nucleoside phosphorylase.